a

ab

1 n place ples

ab andu

1 n type of snake

ab bugomo

1 NP room in house rum lo haus

a room that you enter after entering the house

ab es

1 clearly visible

ab humann

1 NP desert bus ples

empty place

ab salagag

1 NP communal room

room as you enter the house

ab toondee agabi ooloo

1 place bikpela liklik

aba hoosoot

1 n type of frog

aba oogoo

1 n type of bird

abagam

1 n front front sait

ʔot aβagam: sole of the foot

2 n seat of emotions bel

aβagam bili igu: we’re in agreement

abagam bili igu

1 cl we’re in agreement

abagam pinoot

1 n type of tree

abaganam imi

1 NP facial hair

abaginn

1 plants roots being absorbed into the plant

abalam

1 n type of tree

abalil

1 n type of rope

abandum hoot

1 NP top of ear (cartalidge)

abandum peleg

1 NP ear lobe

abaneel

1 n rop blo pasim amaŋgu sog

abaninnam

1 n type of tapiok

abas

1 n armpit

abatol

1 n type of yam yam

abatool

1 n type of yam kaikai

a specific name for a kind of edible mɛna

abatool

2 n type of tapiok

abig

1 n older aunt bikpela mama

abigeeb

1 n underneath aninit

aboogam mootool

1 angry

abooloom

1 n female animal generic female animal

2 n outside post of a trap pos long trap

abooloom

1 n type of frog

abu mandoh

1 NP Cigarette/ leaf for tobacco

abulusi

1 n wild buai

agabi

1 adj big bikpela

nim agaβi: a big tree

2 n great grandparents tumbuna mamapapa

agabisig

1 adj very large

agaganam

1 beard

agal

1 n type of banana

agaloogaloo

1 n type of rope

aganamung

1 n type of bean

agangool

1 n type of rope

	Past	Present	Future
1s	agam	agagoom	aganim
2s	agann	agagonn	aganinn
3s	agat	agagee	eegeenn
1p	agamung	agang	oogug
2p	agamuwa	agagama	oogooguwa
3p	agamind	agagoond	eegeeyis

Imperatives

2s: oogu

2p: oogooguwas

agann

1 n brown tree kangaroo

	Past	Present	Future
1s	agaramoom	agarangoom	agaraminim
2s	agaramoonn	agarangonn	agaramininn
3s	agaramoot	agarangee	agaraminn
1p	agaramoomung	agaramoong	agaramug
2p	agaramoomuwa	agarangama	agaramuwa
3p	agaramemind	agarangoond	agaramis

Imperatives

2s: agaramee

2p: agaramas

Enclitics

1s	agaramisi
2s/3s	agarama

1p	agaramusu
2p/3p	agaramasi
same actor	agaramb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	agatoom	agatoogoom	agatenim
2s	agatoonn	agatoogonn	agateninn
3s	agatoot	agategee	agatinn
1p	agatoomung	agatoong	agatug
2p	agatoomuwa	agatagama	agatuwa
3p	agatemind	agatoogoond	agatis

Imperatives

2s: agate

2p: agatas

ahel

1 n type of anagul

ala

1 n type of rope

ala tugenim

1 NP to prepare redim

alaga

1 n type of tree

alaga munum

1 n type of soβolom

alagab yanim

1 VP to run away in fear ranawe

alahal

1 n type of yam

alalab ugus

1 n type of bird

	Past	Present	Future
1s	alatuguloom	alatugugam	alatugenim
2s	alatuguloonn	alatugugonn	alatugeninn
3s	alatuguloot	alatuguga	alatugann
1p	alatuguloomung	alatugang	alatugoolug
2p	alatuguloomuwa	alatuguguma	alatugula
3p	alatugulemind	alatugugand	alatugelis

Imperatives

2s: alatugulee

2p: alatugulas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	alatugub

aleeg woog

1 NP a road on the side of the mountian, runs parallel to the keel

aleg

1 n road rot

aleg bogooloo

1 NP the path of a garden fence rot biliong banis

alem

1 n type of tree kain diwai

tree with flammable sap

alilibee

1 n type of banana kain banana

	Past	Present	Future
1s	alimoom	alingoom	aliminim
2s	alimoonn	alingonn	alimininn
3s	alimoot	alingee	aliminn
1p	alimoomung	alimoong	alimug
2p	alimoomuwa	alingima	alimuwa
3p	alimemind	alingoond	alimis

Imperatives

2s: alimee

2p: alimas

Enclitics

1s	alimisi
2s/3s	alima

1p	alimusu
2p/3p	alimasi
same actor	alimb

alimum

1 n type of tree golgol

alingee

1 fat/swollen (a transient fat that comes and goes, like baby chub)

alugut e tegeneeng

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	alugutum	alugutugum	alugutinim
2s	alugutunn	alugutugonn	alugutininn
3s	alugutut	alugutugee	alugutinn
1p	alugutumung	alugutung	alugutug
2p	alugutumuwa	alugutuguma	alugutuwa
3p	alugutumind	alugutugund	alugutis

Imperatives

2s: alugutee

2p: alugutas

	Past	Present	Future
1s	aluwooloom	aluwagam	aluwenim
2s	aluwooloonn	aluwoogonn	aluweninn
3s	aluwooloot	aluwaga	aluwann
1p	aluwooloomung	aluwang	aluwoolug
2p	aluwooloomuwa	aluwagama	aluwaluwa
3p	aluwelemind	aluwagand	aluwelis

Imperatives

2s: aluwele

2p: aluwalas

amag

1 n type of rope

amalannam

1 n sister in law tambu susa

amangut

1 n thin reed like (bamboo?) used for roofing

ambelilo

1 adj bent krungut

use to describe neck of animal or beak of bird

ambu hutum

1 NP tool for crushing saksak - sometimes used for the word 'hammer'

ambugutum

1 hammer

ambul

1 NP older brother bikpela brata

ambuma

1 n big ground wasp with red stinger

ameey

1 n type of sugar cane

ameey elelee oonoom

1 n type of sugar cane

ameey ligiloog

1 n type of sugar cane

amel

1 n hooked stick huk long diwai

stick used especially for holding a pot

2 n ancestor axe tumbuna tamiok

amel bulul

1 NP stone ax (also the term for the head of the stone ax)

amend

1 n green tree python - edible

amend nim

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	amoom	angoom	aminim
2s	amoonn	angonn	amininn
3s	amoot	angee	aminn
1p	amoomung	amoong	amug
2p	amoomuwa	angama	amuwa
3p	amemind	angoond	amis

Imperatives

2s: amee

2p: amas

Enclitics

1s	amisi
2s/3s	ama

1p	amusu
2p/3p	amasi
same actor	amb

amoogonn

1 flying fox (large fruit bat)

ana

1 n type of yellow marita

anabo hoot

1 jaw bone

anagas

1 n type of rope

anagul

1 n edible root

anam umunn

1 NP common lizard (size of gecko)

anasee

1 n type of bamboo

anatool

1 n type of tree kapul

andang

1 n type of tree

andoogoom

1 n type of tree

andooloonn

1 n type of frog

andu

1 n snake snek

andu hot

1 NP small snake liklik snek

andu peleg

1 NP long snake longpela snek

anga

1 n type of red marita

angamand

1 n type of banana kain banana

angann ooloogat

1 n type of tree

angum

1 n rotten sting na dai

when a yam rots in the ground

mena ab yot ogoo ubisi angum pugugee: I planted in a bad place and the yam rotted

anim

1 n paternal uncle/aunt/nephew bikpela papa

uncle older than your dad

anumboonn

1 n wild cat wil pusi

ap peg

1 NP a field, village

apay

1 n type of yam

asam

1 n above antap

2 n night nait

asam sinnool

1 NP tree kapul

asam sinnool abooloom

1 NP kapul - female

asam sinnool moomulee

1 NP kapul - male

asam tuwol

1 NP house on posts

asamog

1 n morning moning

	Past	Present	Future
1s	asoom	asoogoom	asenim
2s	asoonn	asoogonn	aseninn
3s	asoot	asegee	asinn
1p	asoomung	asoong	asug
2p	asoomuwa	asagama	asuwa
3p	asemind	asoogoond	asis

Imperatives

2s: asee

2p: asas

Enclitics

1s	asesi
2s/3s	asa

1p	asoosu
2p/3p	asasi
same actor	aseb

asiginn

1 n type of red marita

asiginn wooya

1 n type of yellow marita

asinn

1 n hamlet of Torokum asing

The name of a ridge and a village in Torokum

asisil

1 n Mosquito

asugee

1 n type of yam

atale

1 n type of banana

	Past	Present	Future
1s	atoom	atoogoom	atenim
2s	atoonn	atoogonn	ateninn
3s	atoot	ategee	atinn
1p	atoomung	atoong	atug
2p	atoomuwa	atagama	atuwa
3p	atemind	atoogoond	atis

Imperatives

2s: ate

2p: atas

atitamb

1 n type of anagul

b

bala

1 n type of taro

balas

1 n type of aibika

balus

1 n type of yam

bangooy

1 n type of banana kain banana

bannam bannam

1 n type of tree

banooy

1 n type of banana kain banana

beegum

1 n large intestine bikpela rop

beegunn

1 n Stomach

beeng hoonnoot

1 n type of banana

beeng nengeye

1 n type of banana

beengu

1 n type of limbum

beeyil

1 n axe tamiok

bembiyoonn

1 n type of tree

benduwa

1 n type of pitpit

beng

1 n type of banana kain banana

beng oonoot

1 n type of banana kain banana

bib

1 n type of wild bamboo

bili

1 adj good gut

bili tugenim

1 NP to make nice stretim

bilinat / moomulee

1 n type of buai, not native

bina

1 n beetle binatang

bing

1 n type of bean

bololoo enim

1 VP to snore silip na singaut

bolonnom

1 n spread opim

spread or split open

boomboom yagam

1 n type of taro

boombulumas

1 n type of bird

	Past	Present	Future
1s	bubigoom	bubigoom	bubiginim
2s	bubigoonn	bubigonn	bubigininn
3s	bubigoot	bubigee	bubiginn
1p	bubigoomung	bubigoong	bubigug
2p	bubigoomuwa	bubigima	bubiguwa
3p	bubigemind	bubigoond	bubigis

Imperatives

2s: bubigu

2p: bubiguwas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	bubigeb

bugumam bugumo

1 NP a Kokoma area

The area in Kokoma village the missionary houses are

bulunoong

1 n type of banana kain banana

bumbuliyam

1 n type of tree

d

dalamagut

1 n type of tree

deteng

1 it’s like that em olsem tasol

a common interjection

doobulab

1 koniak tree

dubulab

1 n kind of tree koniak

duga

1 n friend poroman

dugandum

1 many children

dugeli

1 n type of banana kain banana

dugulem

1 n type of sweet potato

dulip sog

1 NP fish/eel tail

dumoom

1 n type of rope

e

eb

1 n kil

ebee

1 n type of umbi

ebee ebee piginim

1 VP to mark out a work area makim hap bilong haus

mark out an area to be cleared for a future house

ebeehebee

1 ground support fence/frame

ebeemoot / beemoot

1 n type of aibika

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ooboogooloom	abagagam	ebegenim
2s	ooboogooloonn	obogogonn	ebegeninn
3s	ooboogooloot	abagaga	abagann
1p	ooboogooloomung	abagang	ooboogoolug
2p	ooboogooloomuwa	abagagama	ooboogooluwa
3p	ebegelemind	abagagand	ebegelis

Imperatives

2s: ebegelee

2p: abagalas

Enclitics

1s	ebegesi
2s/3s	abagala

1p	obogosu
2p/3p	abagalasi
same actor	ooboogooloob

ebeheeya

1 n type of yam

ebeleneenn

1 n type of bird

ebelim

1 n type of tree

ebenand

1 n type of aibika

ebendiloom

1 n type of vine daka

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oboom	oboogoom	ebenim
2s	oboonn	oboogonn	ebeninn
3s	oboot	ebegee	ebinn
1p	oboomung	oboong	obug
2p	oboomuwa	abagama	obuwa
3p	ebemind	oboogoond	ebis

Imperatives

2s: ebe

2p: abas

Enclitics

1s	ebesi
2s/3s	aba

1p	ooboosu
2p/3p	abasi
same actor	oboob ebeb

ebesil

1 n Evisil village

ebigis

1 nearly/almost

ebinnam

1 n month mun

2 n moon mun

ebinnam pugum

1 n type of rope

ebis

1 n finger or toe nails pinga

eebigenee oogu

1 NP lips

eeg

1 adj now nau yet

eegendee

1 slow

eehoot

1 n kapul - brown or white (lives in the trees)

eeneenn

1 adj not yours (mine)

	Past	Present	Future
1s	em	oogoom	eenim
2s	enn	oogonn	eeninn
3s	et	egee	eemm
1p	amung	oong	oowug
2p	amuwa	agama	eeyuwa
3p	emind	oogoond	eeyis

Imperatives

2s: ee

2p: eeeeyas

Enclitics

1s	esi
2s/3s	ooguwa

1p	osu
2p/3p	ooguwasi
same actor	eb

eeyig

1 1 fast 2 for a long time

eeyigeeyig

1 even faster

ege sebe

1 n type of tree

egeboonn

1 n type of bird

egee

1 n will bai

egeg

1 adj fast spid

egeme sinnool

1 NP game that stays on the ground

egemee sinnool

1 NP ol abus i raun long graunː (momot, sikau, rat)

egemee tol

1 NP ground house house long graun

egemee tuwol

1 ground house

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oogoomootoom	oogoomootoogoom	egemetenim
2s	oogoomootoonn	oogoomootoogonn	egemeteninn
3s	oogoomootoot	egemetegee	egemetinn
1p	oogoomootoomung	oogoomootoong	oogoomootug
2p	oogoomootoomuwa	agamatagama	agamatuwa
3p	egemetemind	oogoomootoogoond	egemetis

Imperatives

2s: egemete

2p: agamatas

egendee

1 adj slow isi isi

egengoo

1 OK ok

egigol humee

1 second kokoma ples down hill

egil

1 itchy

egil hoot

1 n type of bamboo

egil hoot malum

1 n type of bamboo

egile

1 n type of pitpit

egiloog

1 adj spicy pait

strong tasting

2 adj rough i gat mosom

egoonee

1 n type of rope

egugeg

1 n type of banana kain banana

ehes liboo

1 n type of rope

el

1 n type of rope

elagas

1 n mustard seed daka

eleb yanim

1 VP to drop holim na lus na pundaun

elebeg

1 n type of aibika

elee

1 third female child

eleg

1 adj bland wara nating

bland tasting

eleg

1 Soft

elegel tumul

1 n type of mumut

elele

1 n type of bird

elelegee

1 Dry

elelembiya

1 n type of bird

elemba

1 n type of yam

elemene

1 n type of anagul

elendim

1 n type of tree

elesil

1 n Female black pig with brown stripes

eli

1 n type of bird

eli wooloo

1 n type of tree

elib

1 n type of yellow marita

elibi

1 adj fast spid

eliget

1 n type of banana kain banana

eligot

1 light weight

elihoonn

1 n type of yam

elil

1 n flame paia

2 n type of anagul

elil heem

1 NP black small lizard that lives under logs - very painful bite

elilibee

1 n type of banana

eliligas

1 n type of tree

elilim

1 n Elilim village Elilim

iŋgis

	Past	Present	Future
1s	elimom	elingoom	eliminim
2s	elimoonn	elingonn	elimininn
3s	elimoot	elingee	eliminn
1p	elimoomung	elimoong	elimug
2p	elimoomuwa	elingima	elimuwa
3p	elimemind	elingoond	elimis

Imperatives

2s: elimee

2p: elimas

elinnee hoot

1 niece or nephew/ cousins

elinnee oot

1 n niece or nephew pikinini bilong brata

elis

1 n shield

eliyas

1 n type of lizard

emab

1 n type of yam

embelengi

1 n type of bird kain pisin

embendeli

1 n type of banana

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ombom	omboogoom	embenim
2s	omboonn	omboogonn	embininn
3s	omboot	embegee	embinn
1p	omboomung	omboong	oombug
2p	omboomuwa	omboogama	embiwa
3p	ombemind	omboogoond	embis

Imperatives

2s: oombee

2p: oombas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p	ombasi
same actor	ombob embeb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oombootoom	oombootoogoom	embetenim
2s	oombootoonn	oombootoogonn	embeteninn
3s	oombootoot	embetegee	embetinn
1p	oombootoomung	oombootoong	oombootug
2p	oombootoomuwa	ambatagama	oombootuwa
3p	embetemind	oombootoogoond	embetis

Imperatives

2s: embete

2p: ambatas

emennand

1 Liver

emesis

1 sorry

what you say when someone asks for buai but you don't have any to give

emesis

1 sorry

what you say when someone asks for buai but you don't have any to give

emiyab

1 n grandchild

emiyann

1 n type of yam

endee holo

1 cl the same

endee holo his

1 cl exactly the same

endegeyee

1 n type of yam

endegeyee soopoombool

1 n type of yam

endet

1 like that, shortened version of endeteeng olsem

endeteeng

1 it’s like that (interjection)

eneegoo

1 n the bottom stick of a fence stik i stap long as bilong banis

enembe enee

1 NP crocodile

enembee

1 Monitor lizard

Lizard with 2 tongues

enenee

1 adj always olgeta taim

ɛŋ tɛmɛ musɔm ʔɔgu ɛnɛne pigɛβ igu: my wife always wears glasses

engee

1 ben for me long mi

1s beneficiary word

eninnobo

1 n Cloud/fog

eniyas

1 n light brown female pig braunpela meri pik

eniyas

1 n red female pig

enn

1 prn I mi

1st person singular pronoun

enn mot

1 my husband

enn sila

1 something you know about

ennel

1 poss my bilong mi

possessive word

ennel tol ab: my house

enninnot

1 adj sharp sap

2 adj aggresive man bilong pait

ese loogoom

1 NP red marita

ese wooya

1 NP yellow marita

esee

1 n pandanus fruit marita

2 n pineapple ananas

eseegenee

1 Small tree kangaroo

esegenee

1 n sikau - Torukum and higher elevation

esegenee pam

1 n sikau - Torukum and higher elevation

esegese nim

1 n type of tree

esigeneng

1 n right han sut

esigim

1 VP to gather together bung

	Past	Present	Future
1s	esimom	esingoom	esiminim
2s	esimoonn	esingonn	esimininn
3s	esimoot	esingee	esiminn
1p	esimoomuwa	esimoong	esimug
2p	esimoomung	esingima	esimuwa
3p	esimemind	esingoond	esimis

Imperatives

2s: esimee

2p: esimas

esine

1 n type of bean

	Past	Present	Future
1s	esoom	esigoom	esinim
2s	esoonn	esigoonn	esininn
3s	esoot	esigee	esinn
1p	esoomung	esoong	esug
2p	esoomwa	esigima	eesuwa
3p	esemind	esigoond	esis

Imperatives

2s: esi

2p: asas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p	asasi
same actor	eseb

esinni enim

1 VP to sneeze kus

etalee

1 n type of banana kain banana

ete eleminim

1 VP to arrive kampa

etegeneng

1 n type of tree kain diwai

kind of tree used in making kundu drum

etelig alaga

1 n type of tree

etemesil

1 n snail denden

	Past	Present	Future
1s	otoom	otoogoom	etenim
2s	otoonn	otoogonn	eteninn
3s	otoot	etegee	etinn
1p	otoomung	otoong	otug
2p	otoomuwa	atagama	otuwa
3p	etemind	otoogoond	etis

Imperatives

2s: etee

2p: atas

Enclitics

1s	etesi
2s/3s	ata

1p	otoosu
2p/3p	atasi
same actor	eteb otoob

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ootootoom	ootootoogoom	etetenim
2s	ootootoonn	ootootoogonn	eteteninn
3s	ootootoot	etetegee	etetinn
1p	ootootoomung	ootootoong	ootootug
2p	ootootoomuwa	atatagama	ootootuwa
3p	etetemind	ootootoogoond	etetis

Imperatives

2s: etete

2p: atatas

etilig

1 n sick sik

eyig is

1 hurry

g

gabulel

1 n type of sugar cane

galas

1 n sweet potato kaukau

A root vegetable

grɑs nug: eat the sweet potatoǃ

galenn

1 n type of rope

gee

1 adv can inap

gelimee

1 n sorcerer sanguma

gelinoom

1 n type of tree

gemee

1 n outside ausait

genee

1 n far away longwe

gesibool

1 n woven bamboo blain

gesing gesi

1 NP bush rubber gumi

a resin that can be processed into rubber

gesingesi

1 n type of rope

gi enim

1 VP to be quiet stap isi

giliminn

1 much/many/loud---rain-hitting a kid too much-crow of a chicken-large heap of yam-yell strong

giliminn

1 adj big bikpela

seems to be an uncommon synonym for agabi

wagand giliminn: big fight

gimoolul

1 n type of buai

2 n type of red marita

golog

1 n joist diwai long sapot long flua

goobunoom

1 n type of rope

gooloogot

1 n 6 days before or after

goongot

1 mud dobber

goonub

1 n type of banana

guguloog

1 n type of rope

gulinnguli igee

1 dizzy

guliya

1 n type of anagul

gulum

1 n type of pitpit

gulungalab

1 n type of bean

gumeeyagam

1 banana spider

gumi

1 n rubber gumi

guneengunee

1 n type of bird

gungot

1 n bee

generic name for bee

h

habandum

1 n ear yau

habandum

1 n Ear yau

habanel

1 n rope used to tie leaves to roofing rop long pasim lip long morota

haboogol

1 door

habu

1 n tobacco brus

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hagam	hagagoom	haganim
2s	hagann	hagagonn	haganinn
3s	hagat	hagagee	heegeenn
1p	hagamung	hagang	hoogug
2p	hagamuwa	hagagama	hoogooguwa
3p	hagamind	hagagoond	heegeeyis

Imperatives

2s: hoogu

2p: hoogooguwas

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hagam	hagagoom	haganim
2s	hagann	hagagonn	haganinn
3s	hagat	hagagee	heegeenn
1p	hagatulumoomung	hagatulumung	hagatulumug
2p	hagatulumoomuwa	hagatuluguma	hagatulumuwa
3p	hagatulumemind	hagatulugund	hagatulumis

Imperatives

2s: hoogu

2p: hagatulumas

halhal yelingi

1 n type of kongkong

halimoo

1 adj fat fatpela

halugut

1 n musical instrument samting bilong mekim musik

	Past	Present	Future
1s	halumum	halugum	haluminim
2s	halumunn	halugonn	halumininn
3s	halumut	halugee	haluminn
1p	halumoomung	halumung	halumug
2p	halumoomuwa	haluguma	halumuwa
3p	halumemind	halugund	halumis

Imperatives

2s: halumee

2p: halumas

Enclitics

1s	halumisi
2s/3s	haluma

1p	halumusu
2p/3p	halumasi
same actor	halub

hamangut

1 n type of bamboo mambu

hambee hot

1 NP spoon spun

hambol

1 n eel

hambugutum

1 n hammer ama

hambul

1 n older sibling bikpela bratasusa

A general word for older family member

hanagul

1 n kind of yam raun mami

hanambuli

1 popo

hanandoo enim

1 VP to stomp krungut

hanandum

1 n chayote shoot kru sako

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hanatoom	hanatoogoom	hanatenim
2s	hanatoonn	hanatoogonn	hanateninn
3s	hanatoot	hanateegee	hanatinn
1p	hanatoomung	hanatoong	hanatug
2p	hanatoomuwa	hanatagama	hanatuwa
3p	hanatemind	hanatoogoond	hanatis

Imperatives

2s: hanatee

2p: hanatas

hanganann

1 n great, great grandparents

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hangimom	hangingoom	hangiminim
2s	hangimoonn	hangingonn	hangimininn
3s	hangimoot	hangingee	hangiminn
1p	hangimoomung	hangimoong	hangimug
2p	hangimoomuwa	hangingima	hangimuwa
3p	hangimemind	hangingoond	hangimis

Imperatives

2s: hangimee

2p: hangimas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	hangib

hanginam

1 n type of tree kain diwai

A tree who's bark can be processed to make salt. A planted tree

hapooh

1 n type of tapiok

hasibee

1 n drop trap trap

hasisil

1 n mosquito natnat

hasugunam

1 termite

hatama nenim

1 VP to cough kus

hatamalugum

1 n knee skru bilong lek

2 n red tomato seed thing aila

heb

1 n mountain maunten

hebigenee

1 n mouth maus

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hebigoom	hebigoom	hebiginim
2s	hebigoonn	hebigonn	hebigininn
3s	hebigoot	hebigee	hebiginn
1p	hebigoomung	hebigoong	hebigug
2p	hebigoomuwa	hebigima	hebiguwa
3p	hebigemind	hebigoond	hebigis

Imperatives

2s: hebigu

2p: hebiguwas

hebigondoo

1 adj small liklik

nim ɛnɛ ɛβigondo: a small tree stump

heel

1 n fat gris

1 n oil wel

heem

1 n first born son namba wan pikinini boi

heenn

1 smoked, dehydrated

heey hoot

1 n type of tree kapul

heey ool oonnoot

1 n type of tree kapul

heey peleg

1 n type of tree kapul

hegee metinim

1 VP to break open multiple things brukim planti samting

hegeeleeboot

1 broken with the grain

hegigol

1 n part of kokoma village

hegigol humee

heleeleegoo

1 adj dry drai

heleennee

1 dried out, like a leaf

heleg

1 bland tastig

helegel

1 n type of mumut

heligot

1 adj light no gat hevi

helinnee

1 adj dry drai

helis

1 n shield plang long pait long pasim spia

wooden board held as a shield to block arrows in fighting

hem

1 n bow bunara

hem abiyoo

1 n hamlet of Evesil

hemannand

1 n internal organ namba 2 leva

hemond

1 adj kind of tree kain diwai

kind of tree used to mark years, also makes kamban

hendib

1 n bow string rop bilong bunara

2 n type of bamboo

henee

1 n base, root, reason ass

the root or base of something, also figuratively

henembee

1 n big lizard palai

the lizard that people get drum skins fro

henembee hene

1 NP crocodile pukpuk

henendum

1 chayote

henenee

1 adj local ples

mohis henenee: a local man

heni

1 n close by klostu

heni heni

1 adj very close by klostu klostu

	Past	Present	Future
1s	holom	hagam	henim
2s	holoonn	hogonn	heninn
3s	holoot	haga	hann
1p	holoomung	hang	holug
2p	holoomuwa	hagama	holuwa
3p	holemind	hagand	holis

Imperatives

2s: helee

2p: helas

Enclitics

1s	hesi
2s/3s	hala

1p	hosu
2p/3p	halasi
same actor	heleb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ham	hoogoom	henim
2s	hann	hoogonn	heninn
3s	hat	hegee	heenn
1p	hamung	hoong	hoog
2p	hamuwa	hagama	heeyuwa
3p	hamind	hoogoond	hees

Imperatives

2s: heey

2p: heeyas

Enclitics

1s	hesi
2s/3s	heeya

1p	hoosu
2p/3p	heeyasi
same actor	heb

hes

1 n blood blut

hes hutam

1 NP Clan (one blood) klan, komuniti

Large family grouping, clan, “one blood”

hes soondugenim

1 VP to give birth karim pikinini

hesegenee

1 n kangaroo sikau

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hoosoom	hoosoogoom	hesenim
2s	hoosoonn	hosogonn	heseninn
3s	hoosoot	hesegee	hesinn
1p	hoosoomung	hoosoong	hoosug
2p	hoosoomuwa	hasagama	hoosuwa
3p	hesemind	hoosoogoond	hesis

Imperatives

2s:

2p:

Enclitics

1s	hesesi
2s/3s	hasa

1p	hoosoosu
2p/3p	hasasi
same actor	heseb

hesil

1 n ashes sit paia

hesiloo

1 tambu-things not to be eaten/ people whos name you cannot say

hi

1 adv with a knife wantaim naip

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hibabigoom	hibabigoom	hibabiginim
2s	hibabigoonn	hibabigonn	hibabigininn
3s	hibabigoot	hibabigee	hibabiginn
1p	hibabigoomung	hibabigoong	hibabigug
2p	hibabigoomuwa	hibabigima	hibabiguwa
3p	hibabigemind	hibabigoond	hibabigis

Imperatives

2s: hibabigu

2p: hibabiguwas

hig

1 stealthily, without noise

higabulog

1 thorny

higabuloo

1 adj serrated knaip i gat tit

	Past	Present	Future
1s	higoom	higoom	higinim
2s	higoonn	higonn	higininn
3s	higoot	higee	higinn
1p	higoomung	higoong	higug
2p	higoomuwa	higima	higuwa
3p	higemind	higoond	higis

Imperatives

2s: higu

2p: higuwas

Enclitics

1s	higisi
2s/3s	higuwa

1p	higisu
2p/3p	higuwasi
same actor	higeb

higitunn

1 n picture piksa

a picture or reflection

2 n shadow sedo

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hilomoom	hilongoom	hilominim
2s	hilomoonn	hilongonn	hilomininn
3s	hilomoot	hilongee	hilominn
1p	hilomoomung	hilomoong	hilomug
2p	hilomoomuwa	hilongama	hilomuwa
3p	hilomemind	hilongoong	hilomis

Imperatives

2s: hilomee

2p: hilomas

Enclitics

1s	hilomisi
2s/3s	hiloma

1p	hilomusu
2p/3p	hilomasi
same actor	hilomb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hiloomootoom	hiloomootoogoom	hiloometenim
2s	hiloomootoonn	hiloomootoogonn	hiloometeninn
3s	hiloomootoot	hiloometegee	hiloometinn
1p	hiloomootoomung	hiloomootoong	hiloomootug
2p	hiloomootoomuwa	hiloomatagama	hiloomatuwa
3p	hiloometemind	hiloomootoogoond	hiloometis

Imperatives

2s: hiloomete

2p: hiloomatas

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hilumbigoom	hilumbigoom	hilumbiginim
2s	hilumbigoonn	hilumbigonn	hilumbigininn
3s	hilumbigoot	hilumbigee	hilumbiginn
1p	hilumbigoomung	hilumbigoong	hilumbigug
2p	hilumbigoomuwa	hilumbigima	hilumbiguwa
3p	hilumbigemind	hilumbigoond	hilumbigis

Imperatives

2s: hilumbigu

2p: hilumbiguwas

himandann

1 n type of kongkong

himbee

1 n type of kongkong

himul

1 n root kaikai

a specific name for a kind of edible mɛna

hina

1 n type of banana kain banana

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hipundum	hipundugum	hipundinim
2s	hipundunn	hipundugonn	hipundininn
3s	hipundut	hipundugee	hipundinn
1p	hipundumung	hipundung	hipundug
2p	hipundumuwa	hipunduguma	hipunduwa
3p	hipundumind	hipundugund	hipundis

Imperatives

2s: hipunde

2p: hipundas

Enclitics

1s	hipundisi
2s/3s	hipunda

1p	hipundusu
2p/3p	hipundasi
same actor	hipundub

his

1 n substance samting

The main part of something

2 n fruit kaikai

The fruit a plant produces

hisu

1 n flower ploa

hiyagom

1 n reed pitpit

hiyal

1 pair/half

hiyam

1 n sugar cane suga

hiyogom

1 pitpit

hiyol

1 n part of something hap

hiyol iyoom

1 the other side of the river/stream/ditch

hiyol wawum

1 this side of a river

hiyoobugum

1 new shoots from seed or root

	Past	Present	Future
1s	hiyoolumootoom	hiyoolumootoogoom	hiyoolumetenim
2s	hiyoolumootoonn	hiyoolumootoogonn	hiyoolumeteninn
3s	hiyoolumootoot	hiyoolumetegee	hiyoolumetinn
1p	hiyoolumootoomung	hiyoolumootoong	hiyoolumootug
2p	hiyoolumootoomuwa	hiyoolumatagama	hiyoolumatuwa
3p	hiyoolumetemind	hiyoolumootoogoond	hiyoolumetis

Imperatives

2s: hiyoolumete

2p: hiyoolumatas

hiyoot

1 n spear spia

hobol

1 n talk toktok

ʔoβol amug: yumi stori

hoboogol aleg

1 NP door dua

hogog

1 n sleep? silip

Goes in front of ininim to denote sleeping

hogog iningom: I ams sleeping

hogot

1 n pig pik

hogot abooloom

1 NP female pig meri pik

hogot hoogoot eleb igu

1 the pig is hiding

hogot moomulee

1 NP male pig man pik

hogu

1 n skin skin

hogumam

1 n a Kokoma hamlet

hoguwoob

1 n yellow jelopela

hohoma

1 n Kokoma village Kokoma

hol

1 NP tail

hol

1 adj sweet swit

tasty

hologul

1 adj strong strong

mɛna orogul: hearty food

holoo metinim

1 VP to tread on something krungut

holoomot

1 n fern gras

generic name for ferns

holoomot humum

1 ball, a spongy fern pith that is used as a ball

holot

1 n torch tos

hom

1 again, too, also

hombombuwa

1 n Kombumbua village Kombumbua

homongot

1 n head het

honn

1 n a day de

24 hour period

2 n time taim

generic word for time

honngonn

1 hill/ mountian peak

honngoow

1 knot that a bow string sits on 2 kundu binding

honnot

1 n white waitpela

2 adj clean klin

honom

1 n teeth teet

honom

1 n Teeth

2 n Razor

3 n House post (without fork)

honot

1 razor/ sharp piece of bamboo

hoo

1 aged/ old/ long time ago

hoobool

1 n a not so steep hilly area maunten i go daun liklik

hoog

1 smoke

hoogoot

1 n hidden hait

hoogoot eleegee

1 stuck inside, cant get through

hooloogat

1 adj wild wil

ʔogot ologɑt: wild pig

hooloogul

1 Hard, strong

hooloomband

1 n type of banana kain banana

hoomee

1 yesterday/tomorrow

hoomoom

1 n uncle (mother’s side) papa

hoondool

1 n side sait

torogot ʔondol: fence at the sid of the garden

hoonee

1 n type of banana kain banana

hoongis

1 n type of sweet potato

hoongoonn

1 n summit het bilong maunten

the physical top of a mountain

hooniyah

1 n not native, pidgin word, the only tree daka

hoosoot

1 n brown braun

hoot

1 Leg/bone/any long hard thing

hoot abagam

1 NP sole of foot

hoot his

1 NP skinny bun nating

hoot igoom

1 NP shin

hoot musoom

1 NP ankle

hoot noowum

1 NP calf of leg

hoot ogu

1 shoes

hoot sibiloom

1 NP shin

hoot tulugum

1 NP flies (attracted to poop and dead animals)

hoot ugut

1 charred stick

hoot utum

1 NP heel (up to ankle)

hootugut

1 n burned log diwia i paia

hoowul

1 n 3 days before or after

hoowumb

1 n crab kuka

hooyom

1 n understanding save

ɛŋ ʔojom wig: I don’t understand

hosisi piginim

1 VP to play pilai

hosoobiyag

1 n cucumber cucumber

hosum

1 closed, gathered

hot

1 n stick stik

2 n leg lek

3 n bone bun

hot hogu

1 n shoes su

hot igom

1 n shin bone bun bilong lek

hot pebe

1 n back of the knee baksait long skru bilong lek

hotoogot

1 n post pos

Stick used as a post, usually forked

hotu

1 worm liklik snek

hotunnu enim

1 VP to cough kus

hubi

1 some sort of musilai/satan/ the strange sounds (whistles or pirup) in the bush

hubi hogu

1 NP clothes

hubi hogu

1 clothes

hubugum

1 new mini-plants from big plant (ex. Banana and Taro)

hugesim

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

hulag

1 n stick in the groud giaman banis o mak

A stick planted to indicate something

2 n a quick and easy fence of sticks

hulhot

1 n type of bamboo wanpela kain mambu

strong bamboo used for making knives or in pig traps

huligog

1 adj long longpela

hulil

1 n dog dok

hulinam

1 n darkness tudak

huloogum hot

1 NP tail bone bun bilong as

hulu hu eb yanim

1 VP to sink (into the ground) fo insiait long graun

hulu metinim

1 VP to cut shoots off a branch katim kru

hulub

1 n cassowary muruk

2 n type of banana kain banana

hulum

1 n flat area ples daun

hulumbihim

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

hum

1 n nothing nating

ɛŋ um ogo igugum: I’ve got nothing to do

humann

1 adj empty

humbugut

1 Large tree kangaroo

hume hoot

1 NP neck

hume susu

1 NP top of neck

humee

1 top of something

humee hot

1 Neck

	Past	Present	Future
1s	humeelumum	humeelugum	humeeluminim
2s	humeelumunn	humeelugonn	humeelumininn
3s	humeelumut	humeelugee	humeeluminn
1p	humeelumoomung	humeelumung	humeelumug
2p	humeelumoomuwa	humeeluguma	humeelumuwa
3p	humeelumemind	humeelugund	humeelumis

Imperatives

2s: humeelumee

2p: humeelumas

Enclitics

1s	humeelumisi
2s/3s	humeeluma

1p	humeelumusu
2p/3p	humeelumasi
same actor	humeelub

humul

1 n big bush bik bus

mogut humul: A garden in the big bush

humum

1 n head kru

2 n brain mit bilong het

hundum

1 n black female pig blakpela meri pik

hungumog

1 n blue blupela

hunn

1 n louse binatang bilong gras

hunu

1 n type of tree

hus

1 n banana banana

hus ene

1 NP base

hus hoonnoot

1 NP banana must be replanted

hus hot

1 NP trunk

hus huwog

1 NP branch of the banana han bilong banana

hus inam

1 n type of tree

hus loogoom

1 n type of tree

hus mu ene

1 NP banana doesn’t need to be replanted

hus musoom

1 NP center of plant

hus nasim

1 NP 'mother’

hus ninnabol

1 NP part of the banana skin skin banana

a part of the banana skin used in the building of fire places

hus noogabool

1 NP dry shell (that falls off as it grows)

hus oolugum

1 NP base underneath ground

hus siligum

1 NP curled leaf as it grows before it unfolds

hus sog

1 NP leaf

hus soog elenne

1 NP dry leaf

hus tulum

1 NP roots

hus ubugum

1 NP shoot to be replanted

hutam

1 n one wanpela

hutee

1 art indefinate article wanpela

huwala

1 barbed arrow

huwam

1 n cooking pot saucepan

also the term for the ancestral clay pots

huwam esimoo

1 NP frame to hang pot on diwai long hangamapim pot

a horizontal stick supported by two forks that a pot can hang over a fire on

huwaminn

1 n airborn ashes sit bilong paia i flai nabaut

huwandilinn

1 n bluebird pisin

huwaninn

1 n sun san

huwaninn honn

1 dry season

huwaninn oonoongool

1 n type of bird

huweey

1 venom

huwolot

1 flashlight (torch too)

huwom

1 father (position), owner

huwoonn

1 n type of frog

i

ib

1 n poo poo pekpek

ib

1 Poop

ib mendee

1 Large intestine

ib mundumund

1 Small intetine

iba

1 n under aninit

iba igu: it’s underneath

ibag nasim

1 n type of bird

ibatut

1 n type of yam

ibib

1 adv to want to see someone lukim man

mohis ibib yanim: I wanted to see a man and I went down

ibib yanim

1 VP to go just to see someone go lukim man

ibiguwol

1 loin cloth

ibilag

1 n type of yam

ibilin

1 n type of sweet potato

ibilut

1 n older sister bikpela susa

ibindum

1 vagina

iboogol

1 n ancestral trousers trosis bilong tumbuna

A loin cloth made out of beaten bark worn by ancestors

iboogut

1 n rope of the yam jam rop

ibool

1 n older brother bikpela brata

iboowul

1 n type of lizard

ig

1 prn we yumi

1st person plural pronoun

igagum

1 n cat

igeendum

1 n stag beetle

igel

1 adj our bilong mipela

igi

1 n type of tree

igi haboonn

1 n type of tree

igibe

1 n type of bean

igilimut

1 n type of bamboo

	Past	Present	Future
1s	agamoom	igugum	igisinim
2s	agamoonn	igonn	igisininn
3s	agamoot	igu	igisinn
1p	agamoomung	igung	igitug
2p	agamoomuwa	iguguma	igituwa
3p	agamemind	igugund	igisis

Imperatives

2s: igitee

2p: igitas

Enclitics

1s	igisi
2s/3s	igita

1p	igisisu
2p/3p	igitasi
same actor	agamb

igom

1 n steep ground maunten

2 adj new niew

used for new fire

mut igɔm: new fire

igoom

1 fresh/ new

igubasabas

1 n ancestor tumbuna

2 n type of ant kain anins

igugum

1 n coal from the fire kol

2 n longer lizard with very long tail

	Past	Present	Future
1s	iguwabigoom	iguwabigoom	iguwabiginim
2s	iguwabigoonn	iguwabigonn	iguwabigininn
3s	iguwabigoot	iguwabigee	iguwabiginn
1p	iguwabigoomung	iguwabigoong	iguwabigug
2p	iguwabigoomuwa	iguwabigima	iguwabiguwa
3p	iguwabigemind	iguwabigoond	iguwabigis

Imperatives

2s: iguwabigu

2p: iguwabiguwas

iguwam

1 n ant anis

ila noomool

1 n type of yam

ilal

1 n owl

ilam

1 n greens aibika

ilam hunn

1 NP small leaf of aibiki

ilil

1 n small climb maunten i go antap liklik

2 n side of mountain

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ilam	iligoom	ilinim
2s	ilann	iligonn	ilininn
3s	ilat	iligee	ilinn
1p	ilamung	iloong	ilug
2p	ilamuwa	iligima	iluwa
3p	ilamind	iligoond	ilis

Imperatives

2s: ilu

2p: iluwas

Enclitics

1s	ilisi
2s/3s	iluwa

1p	ilisu
2p/3p	iluwasi
same actor	ilib

ilinn

1 n fingers or toes pinga

ilis

1 n root kongkong

ilis himandann

1 NP type of red root kain retpela kongkong

ilis wooya

1 NP white root waitpela kongkong

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ilogulumum	ilogulugum	iloguluminim
2s	ilogulumunn	ilogulugonn	ilogulumininn
3s	ilogulumut	ilogulugee	iloguluminn
1p	ilogulumoomung	ilogulumung	ilogulumug
2p	ilogulumumuwa	iloguluguma	ilogulumuwa
3p	ilogulumemind	ilogulugund	ilogulumis

Imperatives

2s: ilogulumee

2p: ilogulumas

Enclitics

1s	ilogulumisi
2s/3s	iloguluma

1p	ilogulumusu
2p/3p	ilogulumasi
same actor	ilogulub

ilool

1 n pain pen

	Past	Present	Future
1s	iloomoom	iloongoom	iloominim
2s	iloomoonn	iloongonn	iloomininn
3s	iloomoot	iloongee	iloominn
1p	iloomoomung	iloomoong	iloomug
2p	iloomoomuwa	iloongama	iloomuwa
3p	iloomemind	iloongoond	iloomis

Imperatives

2s: iloome

2p: iloomas

ilu

1 adj like laikim

iluta

1 n type of rope

im oom

1 down stream

imengis

1 adj straight stret

2 n Kokoma dialect

The imengis dialect

imi

1 n hair grass

	Past	Present	Future
1s	imoom	ingoom	iminim
2s	imoonn	ingonn	imininn
3s	imoot	ingee	iminn
1p	imoomung	imoong	imug
2p	imoomuwa	ingima	imuwa
3p	imemind	ingoond	imis

Imperatives

2s: imee

2p: imas

iminog

1 adj hairy i gat mosom

imom

1 adj south saut

imus

1 n type of taro

ina

1 n mother mama

2 n type of banana

inann

1 n shame sem

mohis inann olo: the man became ashamed

inda

1 n father papa

indugeli

1 n type of banana

induham

1 n type of yam

inee inee

1 n type of bird

ineehinee

1 n a small green bird liklik grinpela pisin

ingis

1 n Elilim village

The ancestral name for Elilim village

ingitom

1 n wart hap skin

ingundunn

1 n mirror glas

ingunn

1 n cold place kol ples

Shade from the sun

inguweli

1 n type of bird

iningitog

1 shiny

	Past	Present	Future
1s	inoom	iningoom	ininim
2s	inoonn	iningonn	inininn
3s	inoot	iningee	ininn
1p	inoomung	inoong	inug
2p	inoomuwa	iningima	inuwa
3p	inemind	iningoond	inis

Imperatives

2s: ine

2p: inas

Enclitics

1s	inisi
2s/3s	inuwa

1p	inisu
2p/3p	inuwasi
same actor	inemb

ininn

1 n type of eel

inom

1 loc go through brukim

a location word, used for crossing a river

nomol inom ogoo yagam: I crossde the river

is

1 1 body 2 meat of food (roots, bananas, critters)

is oom

1 upstream

isa

1 n bottom of something as bilong samting

mɛna isa: bottom of the yam

isig

1 n old lapun

isim

1 n middle namel

isim igu: it’s in the middle

2 n second namba tu

	Past	Present	Future
1s	isoom	isigoom	isinim
2s	isoonn	isigonn	isininn
3s	isoot	isigee	isinn
1p	isoomung	isoong	isug
2p	isoomuwa	isigima	isuwa
3p	isemind	isigoond	isis

Imperatives

2s: isee

2p: isas

isinnoom ooguwoob

1 n type of pitpit

isog

1 adj full pulap

namol umi isɔg: full water bottle

isom

1 adj north not

isoog

1 n type of bird

2 adj full, like a fruit tree

isoogom

1 n top plate pos

the top horizontal part of a wall

isugula

1 adj spill pundaun nating

itup

1 n type of yam

iyoo

1 see ya/ yeah

l

laboowul

1 n type of banana kain banana

lagaga

1 ripe

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lagam	lagagoom	laganim
2s	lagann	lagagonn	laganinn
3s	lagat	lagagee	leegeeyinn
1p	lagamung	lagang	loogug
2p	lagamuwa	lagagama	loogooguwa
3p	lagamind	lagagoond	leegeeyis

Imperatives

2s: loogu

2p: loogooguwas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	lagab

lagas soog poombool

1 n type of vine daka

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lalamoom	lalangoom	lalaminim
2s	lalamoonn	lalangonn	lalamininn
3s	lalamoot	lalangee	lalaminn
1p	lalamoomung	lalamoong	lalamug
2p	lalamoomuwa	lalangama	lalamuwa
3p	lalamemind	lalangoond	lalamis

Imperatives

2s: lalamee

2p: lalamas

Enclitics

1s	lalamisi
2s/3s	lalama

1p	lalamusu
2p/3p	lalamasi
same actor	lalamb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lambigoom	lambigoom	lambiginim
2s	lambigoonn	lambigonn	lambigininn
3s	lambigoot	lambigee	lambiginn
1p	lambigoomung	lambigoong	lambigug
2p	lambigoomuwa	lambigima	lambiguwa
3p	lambigemind	lambigoond	lambigis

Imperatives

2s: lambigu

2p: lambigas

lamu

1 n type of sweet potato

langipeleg

1 n type of rope

	Past	Present	Future
1s	looboom	looboogoom	lebenim
2s	looboonn	looboogonn	lebeninn
3s	looboot	lebegee	lebinn
1p	looboomung	looboong	loobug
2p	looboomuwa	labagama	loobuwa
3p	lebemind	looboogoond	lebis

Imperatives

2s: lebee

2p: labas

Enclitics

1s	lebesi
2s/3s	laba

1p	looboosu
2p/3p	labasi
same actor	leb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lelamoom	lelangoom	lelaminim
2s	lelamoonn	lelangonn	lelamininn
3s	lelamoot	lelangee	lelaminn
1p	lelamoomung	lelamoong	lelamug
2p	lelamoomuwa	lelangama	lelamuwa
3p	lelamemind	lelangoond	lelamis

Imperatives

2s: lelamee

2p: lelamas

lelegis

1 stoney/pebbley

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ooloomoom	ooloogoom	lemenim
2s	ooloomoonn	ooloogonn	lemeninn
3s	ooloomoot	elegee	leminn
1p	ooloomoomung	ooloomoong	loomug
2p	ooloomoomuwa	alagama	loomuwa
3p	elememind	ooloogoond	lemis

Imperatives

2s: leme

2p: lamas

lendiginn

1 n type of red marita

	Past	Present	Future
1s	libom	libigoom	libinim
2s	liboonn	libigonn	libininn
3s	liboot	libigee	libinn
1p	liboomung	liboong	libug
2p	liboomuwa	libigima	libuwa
3p	libemind	libigoond	libis

Imperatives

2s: libee

2p: libas

Enclitics

1s	libisi
2s/3s	liba

1p	libisu
2p/3p	libasi
same actor	lib

libinoog

1 adv strongly strong

libinoog

1 quickly

ligilog

1 n green grinpela

2 adj uncooked nupela

3 adj living

lilimoo

1 n type of banana kain banana

limonn

1 n 1st born girl namba wan pikinini meri

ɛŋ limoŋ: I'm the 1st born girl

lobom

1 n 4 days before or after

logo tenim

1 NP To rake together bungim

logonn holoo

1 NP Torokum area Torokum

The ancestral name for Torokum people

lolomb

1 n next to arere

lolombo igu: it’s next to

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lomootom	lomotoogoom	lometinim
2s	lomootoonn	lomotoogonn	lometininn
3s	lomootoot	lomotoogee	lometinn
1p	lomootoomung	lomotoong	lomotug
2p	lomootoomuwa	lomotoogama	lomotiwa
3p	lomootemind	lomotoogoond	lometis

Imperatives

2s: lometee

2p: lomatas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	lomotob

loobool beeng

1 n type of banana

loobool es oog

1 n type of banana

loogooguwo

1 v Skittish

loogooloobool

1 n wild buai

loogooloom

1 n type of tree

loogoom

1 red, yellow, orange

2 n type of kongkong

loogoond umul

1 n type of rat

loogooneeng

1 adj straight stretpela

	Past	Present	Future
1s	loogootoom	loogootoogoom	loogootenim
2s	loogootoonn	loogootoogonn	loogooteninn
3s	loogootoot	loogootegee	loogootinn
1p	loogootoomung	loogootoong	loogootug
2p	loogootoomuwa	loogootagama	loogootuwa
3p	loogootemind	loogootoogoond	loogootis

Imperatives

2s: loogoote

2p: loogootas

loogut

1 n type of yam

loogut

1 n wild yam, edible, hard on stomach

2 n type of soβolom, wild, edible

loolom

1 n side of a mountain sait long maunten

a steep side of a mountain

looloom moon

1 n type of anagul

loomug

1 n type of yam

lugunim

1 n type of rope kain rop

type of strong rope used in tying a garden fence

luloonn

1 n cassowary (here)

luloonn ubal

1 n cassowary (lower elevation)

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lumbigoom	lumbigoom	lumbiginim
2s	lumbigoonn	lumbigonn	lumbigininn
3s	lumbigoot	lumbigee	lumbiginn
1p	lumbigoomung	lumbigoong	lumbigug
2p	lumbigoomuwa	lumbigima	lumbiguwa
3p	lumbigemind	lumbigoond	lumbigis

Imperatives

2s: lumbigu

2p: lumbiguwas

lumeb

1 n kind of tree kain diwai

A seed that when crushed makes a red paint

2 n red face paint plant

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lumootoom	lumootoogoom	lumetenim
2s	lumootoonn	lumootoogonn	lumeteninn
3s	lumootoot	lumetegee	lumetinn
1p	lumootoomung	lumootoong	lumootug
2p	lumootoomuwa	lumatagama	lumootuwa
3p	lumetemind	lumootoogoond	lumetis

Imperatives

2s: lumete

2p: lumatas

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lumum	lugum	luminim
2s	lumunn	lugoong	lumining
3s	lumut	lugee	luminn
1p	lumoomung	lugung	lumug
2p	lumoomuwa	luguma	luwa
3p	lumemind	lugund	lumis

Imperatives

2s: lumee

2p: lumas

Enclitics

1s	lumisi
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	lub

lunamond

1 n ridge east of Kokoma

	Past	Present	Future
1s	lutum	lutugum	lutinim
2s	lutunn	lutugunn	lutininn
3s	lutut	lutugee	lutinn
1p	lutumung	lutung	lutug
2p	lutumuwa	lutuguma	lutuwa
3p	lutumind	lutugund	lutis

Imperatives

2s: lutee

2p: lutas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	lutub

m

mabab

1 n type of yam

mabal

1 n type of banana kain banana

mabal

1 n type of banana

mabilool

1 n type of tree

mabumabug

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	magabigoom	magabigoom	magabiginim
2s	magabigoonn	magabigonn	magabigininn
3s	magabigoot	magabigee	magabiginn
1p	magabigoomung	magabigoong	magabigug
2p	magabigoomuwa	magabigima	magabiguwa
3p	magabigemind	magabigoond	magabigis

Imperatives

2s: magabigu

2p: magabiguwas

	Past	Present	Future
1s	magatoom	magatoogoom	magatenim
2s	magatoonn	magatoogonn	magateninn
3s	magatoot	magateegee	magatinn
1p	magatoomung	magatoong	magatug
2p	magatoomuwa	magatagama	magatuwa
3p	magatemind	magatoogoond	magatis

Imperatives

2s: magatee

2p: magatas

maham

1 n wild buai, not native

mahuwoom

1 n type of lizard

malum

1 adj weak malumalu

mamagum

1 n place birds wash wara ol pisin i save waswas

a small pool of water birds wash in

mamal

1 NP banana flower het bilong banana

The end of the banana where the flower is

	Past	Present	Future
1s	mamalumum	mamalugum	mamaluminim
2s	mamalumunn	mamalugonn	mamalumininn
3s	mamalumut	mamalugee	mamaluminn
1p	mamalumumung	mamalumung	mamalumug
2p	mamalumumuwa	mamaluguma	mamalumuwa
3p	mamalumemind	mamalugund	mamalumis

Imperatives

2s: mamalumee

2p: mamalumas

mamele mamele

1 n type of rope

manamel

1 n type of banana

manamet

1 n type of banana

manamunee

1 n type of tree

mandagas

1 n type of leaf kain lif

A leaf used to wrap mamuni

mandangus

1 n Evisil village

The ancestral name for Evisil village

	Past	Present	Future
1s	mandom	mandoogoom	mandenim
2s	mandoonn	mandoogonn	mandininn
3s	mandoot	mandoogee	mandin
1p	mandoomung	mandoong	mandug
2p	mandoomuwa	mandagama	mandoowa
3p	mandemind	mandoogoond	mandis

Imperatives

2s: mandee

2p: mandas

Enclitics

1s	mandisi
2s/3s	manda

1p	mandisu
2p/3p	mandasi
same actor	mandeb mandob

mandog

1 leaves used for a purpose, like rain covering or cigarrette

manipu

1 n type of rope

	Past	Present	Future
1s	mannabigoom	mannabigoom	mannabiginim
2s	mannabigoonn	mannabigonn	mannabigininn
3s	mannabigoot	mannabigee	mannabiginn
1p	mannabigoomung	mannabigoong	mannabigug
2p	mannabigoomuwa	mannabigima	mannabiguwa
3p	mannabigemind	mannabigoond	mannabigis

Imperatives

2s: mannabigee

2p: mannabigas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	mannab

mannam

1 n type of frog

	Past	Present	Future
1s	mannatom	mannatoogoom	mannatenim
2s	mannatoonn	mannatoogonn	mannatininn
3s	mannatoot	mannatoogee	mannatinn
1p	mannatoomung	mannatoong	mannatug
2p	mannatoomuwa	mannatoogama	mannatoowa
3p	mannatemind	mannatoogoond	mannatis

Imperatives

2s: mannatee

2p: mannatas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	mannatab

manub

1 n type of vine daka

masagil

1 n rubbish pipia

masani

1 n type of bamboo

matat

1 n Torokum dialect

the matat dialect

2 adj bent krungut

3 adj flat silip

mbenginann

1 n type of bird

mebil

1 n ancestral hat hat bilong tumbuna

meega

1 n type of tree

meegeebool

1 n type of bird

meemee

1 something

meemee ogum

1 New to me

meemunum

1 n money moni

used as esigim luminim to mean to meet together

meesinal

1 new shoot from stump/side of the plant

meesingoot

1 n black beetle that lives under logs

meesipee pee

1 nostril

meesiso

1 Stomach area

meey

1 Young (male)

megel

1 chest armor

megengiyeel

1 adj dry (past ripe stage) drai

mogog mɛgɛŋgiel: buai is dry

megilen

1 n type of taro

megilonn

1 n Magilon village

meginee

1 n inside insait

Inside, collocates with garden, not used for houses

meginn

1 n type of red marita

megite

1 what wanem

megitet

1 q how many hau mas pela

mehamonn

1 n work wok

mehamonn tata

1 NP odd jobs liklik wok

1 NP grouping of food planim kaikai

Foods that are planted in bulk in a garddenː sweet potatoes and yams

mel

1 n tongue tang

mel oot

1 Esophagus

melege

1 n armour klos long pait

wooden armour worn in ancestral fighting

	Past	Present	Future
1s	mooloomoom	mooloogoom	meleminim
2s	mooloomoonn	mooloogonn	melemininn
3s	mooloomoot	melegee	meleminn
1p	mooloomoomung	mooloomoong	mooloomug
2p	mooloomoomuwa	malagama	mooloomuwa
3p	melememind	mooloogoond	melemis

Imperatives

2s: melemee

2p: malamas

Enclitics

1s	melemisi
2s/3s	malama

1p	mooloomusu
2p/3p	malamasi
same actor	mooloob

melene

1 n debt dinau

melene tugenim

1 VP pay back debt bekim dinau

melil

1 blur/ something in the periphery

melulee

1 n type of pitpit

meme

1 n something samting

memeleegenann

1 n type of bird

memengele

1 n type of lizard

memi

1 n bushes liklik diwai

Undergrowth that is cleared before planting a garden

mena

1 n food kaikai

2 n yam jam

mena henenee

1 NP staple food as kaikai

mena hus

1 n type of banana kain banana

mena peleg

1 NP firstfruits namba wan kaikai bilong gaden

The first yams that are ready, part of a feast/celebration

1 NP grouping of food kaikai nating

Foods that appear on their own in a gardenː papayas

mena pendenn

1 NP grouping of food stik kaikai

Foods that are planted individually in a gardenː sugar, banana, tapiok, taro, kumu, peanuts

2 NP grouping of food stik kaikai

Foods that are planted individually in a gardenː sugar, banana, tapiok, taro, kumu, peanuts

menawann

1 NP greens (generic) kumu

mendee

1 n middle part of something liklik hap bilong samting

ʔɔt mɛnde: thigh

mendegi

1 n cockatu koki

mendegi abooloom

1 NP koki - female

mendegi ib

1 n type of sweet potato

mendegi iguwam

1 n big red ant

mendegi moomulee

1 NP koki - male

mendenn

1 n younger brothers ol liklik brata

mendi

1 n type of banana kain banana

mendiloonn

1 n type of rope

meneli hoot

1 n type of bird

meneli peleg

1 n type of bird

	Past	Present	Future
1s	mongoloomom	mongoloogoom	mengeleminim
2s	mongoloomoonn	mongoloogonn	mengelemininn
3s	mongoloomoot	mongoloogee	mengeleminn
1p	mongoloomung	mongoloogoong	mongoloomug
2p	mongoloomuwa	mongoloogama	mongoloowa
3p	mongoloomemind	mongoloogoond	mongoloomis

Imperatives

2s: mengelemee

2p: mongoloomas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	mongoolob

mengimam

1 n type of bird

mengimengim

1 n type of bird

mengis pigonn

1 shortside down

menib

1 n type of rope

menibeebee

1 n house fly (attracted to food)

meningula

1 n wild buai

menn

1 n face pes

menne menne

1 n type of tree

1 n type of wild limbum

mes

1 n type of buai

mesag

1 first pastaim

chronological linking word

meseheenn

1 n type of bird

mesil

1 n cold infection kus

2 n snot

mesiloo

1 adj tasty swit

mesimoond

1 n type of tree

mesinn

1 n type of bird kain pisin

A small green bird that is said to be the origin of Tok pisin

mesipee

1 n nostril nus

mesipee hoot

1 NP nose bone

mesipee peleg

1 NP nostril

mesis mogoogol

1 n apology speach tok sori

mesisoo

1 n belly bel

meteepila

1 small black incect bat

metehilahil

1 n type of frog

metembee

1 n type of banana kain banana

	Past	Present	Future
1s	metulumum	metulugum	metuluminim
2s	metulumunn	metulugonn	metulumininn
3s	metulumut	metulugee	metuluminn
1p	metulumumung	metulumung	metulumug
2p	metulumumuwa	metuluguma	metulumuwa
3p	metulumemind	metulugund	metulumis

Imperatives

2s: metulumee

2p: metulumas

	Past	Present	Future
1s	migimoom	migingoom	migiminim
2s	migimoonn	migingonn	migimininn
3s	migimoot	migingee	migiminn
1p	migimoomung	migimoong	migimug
2p	migimoomuwa	migingima	migimuwa
3p	migimemind	migingoond	migimis

Imperatives

2s: migimee

2p: migimas

Enclitics

1s	migimisi
2s/3s	migima

1p	migimisu
2p/3p	migimasi
same actor	migemb

milihi

1 n lightning klaut i lait

milihigee

1 Lightning

miloom

1 n type of tree

mim

1 n top of a yam het bilong jam

mimilu

1 n type of red marita

mimindugunn

1 n type of tree

mimingus

1 n earthquake graun guria

miminn

1 n type of rope

minda

1 n possession samting bilong mi

singular possession

mindaminda

1 n possessions ol samting bilong man

plural possessions

ɛŋ mindɑmindɑ: my things

minde tuhum

1 n type of banana

mindilum

1 n type of yam

minee ungum

1 NP hungry hangre

misem miseeligee

1 hes happy

misen

1 n type of bird

misis

1 n type of tapiok

mo

1 friend/brother

mobugol

1 n wing han bilong pisin

mogog

1 n beetlenut buai

mogol

1 n small valley liklik vali

a smaller valley (in a mountainous area)

	Past	Present	Future
1s	mogoom	mogoogoom	mogoonim
2s	mogoonn	mogoogonn	mogooninn
3s	mogoot	mogoogee	moginn
1p	mogoomung	mogoong	mogug
2p	mogoomuwa	mogoogama	mogoowa
3p	mogoomind	mogoogoond	mogis

Imperatives

2s: mogu

2p: mogoogas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	mogob

mohis

1 n man man

mohis meey

1 n unmarried man mangi

molometeb lebemind

1 VP to work loose and fall down lus lu na pundaun

moloomunn

1 Man/ male

molum hoot

1 NP post that supports the ridge beam pos i holim het bilong haus

molumb

1 n type of tree animal abus long diwai

mom

1 n breast susu

momot

1 n ditch baret

mond

1 n type of tree golgol

mondog

1 n leaf lif

A leaf that has been cut to be used for a purpose

mondu

1 n piece of something hap samting

Also used for cigarette

ʔabu mondu: a cigarette

monduguwa

1 friends (plural)

mondutu

1 n small piece of something liklik hap brus

moo

1 n friend of the same language wantok

a term for a Kovol person, ‘friend’

mooboogootoom

1 n wild yam, edible, hard on stomach

moobugol

1 wing

moodooguwa

1 n people of the same language wantoks

plural of mo

moogol

1 n crack bruk long ston

crack in a rock

moogom

1 q who husait

moogool

1 A ditch or crack

moogoopool

1 n type of yam

moogoot asigee

1 n wild yam, edible, hard on stomach

moogooyee

1 n sikau - lower elevation

moogooyee

1 n sikau - lower elevation

moogut

1 n garden gaden

A area for growing food to live off or cash crops

moohis weeya

1 cool headed individual, peacemaker

moohul

1 n joint bukbuk

mooloo

1 n black male pig blakpela man pik

mooloonn hoot

1 n type of ondogoŋ

mooloow

1 black male pig

moolu

1 n black male pig

mooluguloom

1 n type of tree

moolumb

1 n white tree kangaroo

moolumb

1 n kapul - white spieces

moom

1 n type of banana kain banana

moom ene

1 NP breast

moom hus

1 n type of banana

moomalem

1 n type of rope

moombooba

1 n type of wild bamboo

moomooyam

1 n type of tree

moomulee

1 n male animal, inner fence of a drop trap insait banis long trap

moomunn

1 n not ripe no redi yet

moondoomund

1 n small intestine liklik rop

moondoonn

1 n type of tree

moondu ta

1 n type of pitpit

moongoondoonn

1 n type of yam

moongungum

1 n type of tree

moonngooloom

1 1 ear piercing/bamboo smoking pipe (both jobs) 2 bamboo fish trap

moonunam

1 tiny bug that flies and bites

mooseegee

1 n kind of bird kain pisin

a small bird

mooseegee woobum

1 n type of bird

mooseginann

1 type of bird kain pisin

moosoobagang

1 n type of banana kain banana

moosugog

1 n pig trap trap bilong pik

A rope snare trap for pigs

2 n Generic name for trap trap

moosugut

1 saliva while in the mouth

moosuguwog

1 big name trap

mootat

1 n type of tree

mootoohul

1 n tip of something het bilong samting

mootool

1 n rodent (size between mumut and rat)

mootoom

1 1 the tip of something 2 kru of a plant

mootoomboo

1 first, at the head of

mootooya

1 n type of bird

mootugol

1 beak

mosomoto

1 n inside wall in house blain inside lo haus

room divider

mosoogut

1 n spit spet

mot

1 n group lain

a plural group

inda mot: fathers

motom

1 n shoot kru

2 n the tip of something het

siβilig motom

tip of machete

motugol

1 n beak maus bilong pisin

mu

1 not no

mu igu: it’s not there

muginam

1 n type of tree

muginn

1 n type of sweet potato

mugoo

1 n type of pitpit

mugumee

1 n younger sister liklik susa

mugunee

1 n type of tree

muguwoo

1 n type of lizard

mul

1 the handle of a soosoogoogwa

mulilim

1 n tendons, blood vessels rop blo bodi

2 n edge sap bilong samting

edge of a shape

mulunn

1 n post supporting the ridge beam pos long namel

mum

1 n type of bird

mumul

1 adj dull no gat sap

ul mumul: blunt knife

1 unproductive fruit tree

mumunn

1 not ripe, but almost ready

munagum

1 n sister susa

Male generic term for sister

munamb

1 n type of soβolom

mundi hot

1 Spine

mundil

1 n back bak

ɛŋ mundil: my back

munduloot

1 n type of bird

mungubam

1 n type of rope

mungumat

1 n type of soβolom

mungutee

1 n type of yam

munum

1 n seed sit

musimoonn

1 n type of sweet potato

musisi

1 n type of red marita

musom

1 n eye ai

musom enee

1 eyebrow

musom ogu

1 eye lid

musom toohu

1 eyelash line

musom toohul imi

1 eyelash

musoobugut

1 n type of tree

musoom beleg

1 n type of bean

musoom imi

1 NP eyelash

musoom oogu

1 NP eyelid

musoom toohu

1 NP eyebrow

musu

1 thoughts

musumoonn

1 n type of rope

musumootoo

1 n inner bamboo wall mambu long banisim insait long haus

an internal divider in a house built with bamboo

musumul

1 whiskers (animal)/ antenna

mut

1 n fire paia

mut puguminim: I sit at the fire

mut elil

1 flame

mut igugum

1 n type of taro

mut popul

1 NP flakey firewood paia i sting liklik

a peice of firwood that's rotten or bug eaten a little so that you can break off the piece from a log with your hands

mutol

1 n mushroom talinga

mutool

1 n type of sugar cane

mutunnam

1 n swarm of insects ol bi i flai nabaut

mutunnam

1 n honey bee

mutunnam

1 honey bee

n

naboot musinn

1 NP 2m python (black, will skin for kundu drum) some people eat this snake

naboot siloonn siloonn

1 NP 2m python (brown with a little white) some people eat this snake

nagig

1 n grub liklik snek

generic name for grubs and catapillers

nagig hoot

1 NP rhino beetle male

nagig papel

1 NP white grub (the kind Kaβaluku brought us to eat)

nagig peleg

1 NP rhino beetle female

nagub

1 n type of tree

naloogonn

1 n hamlet of Evesil

nambonn

1 n type of bird

nami

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

2 n small piece of pig testicle

namsug

1 n a place near womunee

namul matam

1 NP kind of plant shoot kain motom

a plant shoot used in a children’s game

namulum

1 n seed pikinini diwai

generic word for small seed

nanam hosinim

1 VP to be too cold to hold something stap kol na hat long holim samting

nandoot

1 steam (verb?) it steaming?

nandugund

1 n wild yam, edible, hard on stomach

nandulum

1 n a week from now or last week

	Past	Present	Future
1s	nangatoom	nangatoogoom	nangatenim
2s	nangatoonn	nangatoogonn	nangateninn
3s	nangatoot	nangategee	nangatinn
1p	nangatoomung	nangatoong	nangatug
2p	nangatoomuwa	nangatagama	nangatuwa
3p	nangatemind	nangatoogoond	nangatis

Imperatives

2s: nangate

2p: nangatas

nangisim

1 n type of sugar cane

nangoomool

1 n type of bamboo

nann

1 fourth male child

nannand

1 fourth female child

nasim

1 n mother mama

ndeenang

1 n type of snake

ndlamagut peleg

1 n type of snake

ndoondoonnal

1 big fat tree moss colony

	Past	Present	Future
1s	nduguloom	ndugugam	ndugenim
2s	nduguloonn	ndugugonn	ndugeninn
3s	nduguloot	nduguga	ndugann
1p	nduguloomung	ndugang	ndugoolug
2p	ndugulooma	nduguguma	ndugula
3p	ndugulemind	ndugugand	ndugelis

Imperatives

2s: ndugulee

2p: ndugulas

Enclitics

1s	ndugesi
2s/3s	ndugula

1p	ndugoosu
2p/3p	ndugulasi
same actor	ndugub

nebinee

1 n recently fallowed garden area ab gaden i pinis

An area of ground that was garden and now has small trees covering it

neboogool

1 n wild yam, edible, hard on stomach

neem

1 Tree

neem balem

1 a mark in the garden which follows the lay of the mountain, it designates ownership

neem enee

1 Tree trunk (near the ground)

neem mendee

1 1 log, laying wood 2car

neem onom

1 forked stick for slingshot, pot holding, and the like

neem oot

1 Stick

neem sa

1 plank, strip of wood

neem sel

1 branch

neem tulum

1 Root (tree)

negi tambalann

1 n type of tree

nehe enim

1 VP to be short of breath win sot

	Past	Present	Future
1s	nooloom	nagam	nenim
2s	nooloonn	nogonn	neninn
3s	nooloot	naga	nann
1p	nooloomung	nang	noolug
2p	nooloomuwa	nagama	nooluwa
3p	nelemind	nagand	nelis

Imperatives

2s: nelee

2p: nalas

Enclitics

1s	nesi
2s/3s	nala

1p	noosu
2p/3p	nalasi
same actor	neleb

neninngam

1 shell/ necklace made of such shell (used to bury them in the garden)

neniyoom

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	nesom	nesigoom	nesinim
2s
3s	nesoot	nesigee	nesinn
1p	nesoomung	nesoong	nosug
2p
3p	nesemind	nesigoond	nesis

Imperatives

2s:

2p:

nesonn

1 n tight tait

strongly tied rope

nɛsoŋ duguga: he tied it strongly

nguloo enim

1 VP to send a signal paitim dram

hitting a drum or hollow tree to send a signal

nibinib

1 small tight moss/ grows on tree or stone

nim

1 n tree diwai

nim balem

1 NP vertical garden divider mak bilong gaden

A divider to break up a garden running up the mountain

nim eengeeng oogoo

1 n type of bird

nim ene

1 NP as blo en

nim ese

1 n type of red marita

nim hugul

1 sapling

nim lagas

1 NP daka from a tree

nim mendee

1 NP wood lying down diwai i slip i stap

Any wood that is lying lengthways on the ground including stairs, felled trees and planks

2 NP PMV PMV

nim mootoom

1 NP head

nim onom

1 NP slingshot katapul

nim oogul

1 NP sapling jangpela diwai

nim ooguwab

1 NP kambang from a tree

nim pi

1 NP namel

nim sa

1 NP door dua

nim seel

1 NP branches

nim tulum

1 NP roots

nimbann

1 n type of anagul

ningilim

1 n type of tree

ninil

1 n scale grile

a fish scale

2 n flaky skin grile

a skin infection causing flakey skin

	Past	Present	Future
1s	nomoom	noongoom	ninim
2s	nomoonn	noongonn	nininn
3s	nomoot	nengee	ninn
1p	nomoomung	nomoong	nug
2p	nomoomuwa	nangama	nuwa
3p	nememind	noongoond	nis

Imperatives

2s: ni

2p: niyas

Enclitics

1s	nisi
2s/3s	niya

1p	nusu
2p/3p	niyasi
same actor	nemb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ninimalumum	ninimalugum	ninimaluminim
2s	ninimalumunn	ninimalugonn	ninimalumininn
3s	ninimalumut	ninimalugee	ninimaluminn
1p	ninimalumumung	ninimalumung	ninimalumug
2p	ninimalumumuwa	ninimaluguma	ninimalumuwa
3p	ninimalumemind	ninimalugund	ninimalumis

Imperatives

2s: ninimalumee

2p: ninimalumas

ninimbul

1 adj dirty doti

ninimee

1 echidna

niningat enim

1 VP to count kaunim

ninnam

1 n type of tapiok

ninngol

1 the part of a leaf that wraps around a cane or trunk

ninniyas

1 n poor mans rags

nisil

1 n day before yesterday/2 days from now

nobogut honn

1 NP hungry time taim bilong hangre

nog

1 rel with wantaim

nogoonoong

1 ass actr with you wantaim yu

nom

1 n that dispela

demonstrative

nomboo

1 this dispela

nomol

1 n water wara

nomol isug

1 VP to wash with water wasim wantaim wara

nonol

1 n burnt hair gras i kuk na blak

noobug

1 n bird pisin

noobug enninnot

1 bird of prey

noogul

1 adj correct tru

noogul soogul

1 really true

nooluwam

1 n white belly, black back - edible

nooluwam

1 n white belly, black back - edible

noomool abanangul

1 NP white water wara i wait

noomool ha

1 NP drop pool wara

the pool a waterfall flows into

noomool hooloogul

1 NP alcoholic drink dring i gat strong

noomool soosum

1 NP waterfall wara i pundaun

noomool umunn

1 NP type of lizard

noomoongoonn

1 n type of rat

noonn

1 prn you yu

2nd person singular pronoun

noonn

1 2ps, you

noonn ubum

1 your wife

noonnool

1 adj yours

noonoo ooguwoo

1 n type of lizard

noonool

1 n burning airborn ashes sit bilong paia i flai nabaut i lait yet

noonoonn

1 n mark mak

a measured mark or target

nonoŋ oβoβ ipanaβ: cut to the mark

noonoonn utam

1 same size

noonoonn weesuwees

1 different sized

noonoot

1 adj hot hot

noosonn

1 tightened, braced, stuck

noowum

1 n egg

noowut

1 n belly bros

a cut of meat consisting of the chest and stomach

2 n top of a ravine het bilong baret

num

1 n egg kiau

nobug num

a bird egg

o

obo

1 n bag bilum

obogondaleg tumbig

1 NP inside doorway rot lo go insait lo rum insait lo haus

obu luminim

1 VP to pour out kapsaitim

obugum

1 Arm/hand

obugum abas

1 armpit

obugum ebis

1 Fingernail

obugum enee

1 Upper arm

obugum honn

1 NP wrist watch kilok

obugum humee

1 Wrist

obugum ilinn

1 Finger

obugum moohul

1 Elbow

obugum mootoom

1 pointing hand

ogolo

1 like wankain olsem, kamap olsem

ogoo

1 rel to long

ogoo humee

1 n place - Kokoma village

ogoo tolob

1 n leave lusim

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ogootooloom	ogootagam	ogootenim
2s	ogootooloonn	ogootoogonn	ogooteninn
3s	ogootooloot	ogootaga	ogootann
1p	ogootooloomung	ogootang	ogootoolug
2p	ogootooloomuwa	ogootagama	ogootala
3p	ogootelemind	ogootagand	ogootelis

Imperatives

2s: ogootele

2p: ogootalas

Enclitics

1s	ogootosi
2s/3s

1p	ogootosu
2p/3p	ogootalasi
same actor	ogootooloob ogooteleb

oguwat

1 n to come and stay kam na stap

to come to a place with the intention of staying for a few days or longer

olol

1 adj loose lus

olombe enim

1 VP to be sneaky stap isi

moving around quietly, like when hunting

olooguwo

1 adj long time after bihain

a time word, used similarly to sogu tugub, but for a long time

olot

1 n black ground bug kain binatang

olu

1 adj fed up les

olu aga

1 he doesnt want to

olu agam

1 I don't want to

om

1 n this dispela

demostrative

om

1 this (here)

2 n type of red marita

ombonni

1 rel therefore olsem na

Oscar ɔlu ʔaga ɔmbɔŋi tɔl aβ ɔgo ilug: Oscar is fed up so we’re going home

omboo

1 n reason as

ombul

1 n two tupela

omig

1 not

like "wig" but stronger

omig

1 not

like "wig" but stronger

omongot hogu

1 NP hat kap

omonn

1 n Lungs (breathe)

2 n behaviour

omu

1 n tulip tulip

leafs used for eating, bark used for bilum string

ɔmu sɔgt mɛnde: leaf of this tree

2 n type of banana kain banana

omunee

1 kapiak (nut)

ondomboo

1 whereʔ

ondonn

1 n pile to burn

ondool amand

1 ribs

ongol

1 n ridge beam

horizontal beam in the top of the house

ongonn

1 n mountain place ap maunten

ongungee

1 n duck pato

onn

1 prn he/she em

3rd person singular pronoun

onn mamul

1 her husband

onnol

1 adj his

onnomo

1 n dead body bodi

onootol

1 n type of tree animal abus long diwai

oo

1 long time ago longpela taim bipo

oobabann

1 n corner kona

twol oβaβaŋ: Corner of the house

oobal

1 n type of buai

oobal yu

1 n type of buai

oobol

1 n hole hul

A hole through a stick

ooboo piyag

1 n type of tree

ooboogoot

1 n type of rope

oobool

1 n liklik kil

ooboomoond

1 n type of frog

oobugumam

1 n sister in law tambu susa

brother of my spouse

oobulumam humee

1 third kokoma ples down hill

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oobulumum	oobulugum	oobuluminim
2s	oobulumunn	oobulugonn	oobulumininn
3s	oobulumut	oobulugee	oobuluminn
1p	oobulumumung	oobulumung	oobulumug
2p	oobulumumuwa	oobuluguma	oobulumuwa
3p	oobulumemind	oobulugund	oobulumis

Imperatives

2s: oobulumee

2p: oobulumas

oobumam

1 bicep bracelet

oogoobann

1 corner of a room

oogooguweg

1 n type of banana

oogooloom

1 n type of sugar cane

oogooloomee oogooloomee

1 n type of tree

oogoolumee

1 n praying mantis

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oogoomootoom	oogoomootoogoom	oogoometenim
2s	oogoomootoonn	oogoomootoogonn	oogoometeninn
3s	oogoomootoot	oogoometegee	oogoometinn
1p	oogoomootoomung	oogoomootoong	oogoomootug
2p	oogoomootoomuwa	oogoomatagama	oogoomootuwa
3p	oogoometemind	oogoomootoogoond	oogoometis

Imperatives

2s: oogoomete

2p: oogoomatas

oogoosuguwi

1 n type of yam

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oogootoom	oogootoogoom	oogootenim
2s	oogootoonn	oogootoogonn	oogooteninn
3s	oogootoot	oogootegee	oogootinn
1p	oogootoomung	oogootoong	oogootug
2p	oogootoomuwa	oogootagama	oogootuwa
3p	oogootemind	oogootoogoond	oogootis

Imperatives

2s: oogoote

2p: oogootas

oogub

1 n type of tree

ooguwab

1 n lime kamban

ooguwab

1 Kambang

ooguwag

1 n type of pitpit

ooguwag loogoom

1 n type of pitpit

ooguwag mehi

1 n type of pitpit

ooguwag wooya

1 n type of pitpit

ooguwalooboot

1 broken across the grain

ooguwas

1 n above a bit antap liklik

ooguwol

1 n young…./ teenagers

maramunn ooguwol/ teme ooguwol

ooguwom

1 n below a bit daun bilo liklik

ooguwoob

1 n type of kongkong

oohenee

1 Sholder

oolan

1 n type of vine daka

oolesinee

1 n type of lizard

ooliget

1 n type of banana

ooloo

1 quite

an intensifier for adjectives

umi ʔot agaβi oro: quite large container

ooloog

1 adj sweet swit

sweet or good tasting

ooloog

1 Sweet (food)

ooloogam

1 n type of tree

ooloogandoomul

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

ooloogat

1 adj wild

ooloogool

1 n type of red marita

ooloogool nim

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	ooloogootoom	ooloogootoogoom	ooloogootenim
2s	ooloogootoonn	ooloogootoogonn	ooloogooteninn
3s	ooloogootoot	ooloogootegee	ooloogootinn
1p	ooloogootoomung	ooloogootoong	ooloogootug
2p	ooloogootoomuwa	ooloogootagama	ooloogootuwa
3p	ooloogootemind	ooloogootoogoond	ooloogootis

Imperatives

2s: ooloogoote

2p: ooloogootas

ooloogum

1 n end or handle of something andel bilong samting

oolooguwo

1 later (from now)

oolooguwoo

1 n type of bird

oolooloogoot

1 n type of tree

oolooloogut

1 n type of tree

oolooloonn hat

1 n type of tree

ooloom

1 n sand wesan

ooloom

1 Sand

ooloomann

1 n join between sections hap i bung

torogot oromaŋ: the place two fence sections join

ooloomoom

1 n type of rope

ooloomoom nim

1 n type of tree

ooloot

1 n type of bird

oolum

1 n type of tree

oolungool nim

1 n type of tree

oomanembeseey

1 n type of bean

oomas

1 adj location word – up mountain a little

oombalangi

1 n type of grasshopper kain grashopa

oombas

1 adj location word – up mountain a little

oombee

1 n crowned pigeon

oombee

1 n blue bird of paradise

oomboo sooloomoo

1 n type of sweet potato

oomboogum

1 n nibbled part hap ol binatang i kaikai

a part of a root eaten by underground pests

oombool

1 n type of bean

oombool

1 n eel (general term)

oombool oogu munungann

1 NP type of eel

oombool oogu yu

1 NP type of eel

oombool simonn

1 poisen vine for killing fish

oombool ta

1 n fish

oombool yagam

1 n type of tree

oombooloogat toom

1 jugular area

oombooloogat toom hoot

1 NP collar bone

oombugum

1 n worm that eats taro, sweet potato, tapiok, etc

2 n worm that lives in ground

3 n edible worm that lives at the base of trees

oomoo

1 rel but tasol

oomoogal

1 n type of snake

oomoogoonn

1 n type of bat

oomoogoonn tooguneenn

1 NP type of bat (little)

oomoogoonn yoogu

1 NP type of bat (big)

oomu

1 n type of banana

oomulum

1 testicles

oomunee

1 n kapiak

oomunee soog

1 n type of yam

oondoogoonn

1 n type of sugar cane (impossible to peel with teeth)

oondool

1 n wild yam, edible, hard on stomach

oondool

1 n type of lizard

oondoom

1 n type of rope

oondoomeli

1 n type of tree

oondoonn

1 n type of snake

oongool

1 n ridge beam diwai long het bilong haus

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oongutoomum	oongooloogum	oongooluminim
2s	oongooloomunn	oongooloogonn	oongooloomininn
3s	oongooloomut	oongooloogee	oongooluminn
1p	oongooloomoomung	oongooloomung	oongooloomug
2p	oongooloomoomuwa	oongooloogama	oongooloowa
3p	oongooloomemind	oongooloogoond	oongooloomis

Imperatives

2s: oongoolumee

2p: oongooloomas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	oongoolub

oongoom

1 n type of sugar cane

oongoond yagam

1 NP longer green lizard that lives in trees

oongoonguwee

1 n type of bird

oongulee

1 n type of banana kain banana

oongulumee nim

1 n type of tree

oongumam

1 n type of tree

oonnam

1 n type of bird

oonooboohoot

1 n jaw

oonoogulee

1 n type of rope

oonoombiyoo

1 n type of rope

oonoomboonn

1 n wild cat

oonoonoom

1 n type of bamboo

oonoot

1 n wild amaŋgut

oonungann

1 n type of tree

oopee

1 n walking stick stik bilong wokabaut

oopus

1 n type of banana

oosa

1 footprint lek mak

oosoobiyag

1 n cucumber

oosoobiyag ene

1 n melon

oosoogoom

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	oosugulumum	oosugulugum	oosuguluminim
2s	oosugulumunn	oosugulugonn	oosugulumininn
3s	oosugulumut	oosugulugee	oosuguluminn
1p	oosugulumoomung	oosugulumung	oosugulumug
2p	oosugulumoomuwa	oosuguluguma	oosugulumuwa
3p	oosugulumemind	oosugulugund	oosugulumis

Imperatives

2s: oosugulumee

2p: oosugulumas

oosugunol

1 jaw

oosugut

1 n type of frog

oosum

1 adj closed pas

oosusugat

1 n type of tree

oosuwoo

1 n type of red marita

oosuwool

1 n type of frog

oot igom

1 Shin

oot ilinn

1 Toes

oot mendee

1 Upper leg

oot musom

1 Ankle

oot pulam

1 Calf

oot tutum

1 Heel

ootoo eeya

1 n type of bird

ootoo haleenn

1 NP very poisonous brown snake (very aggressive, will jump and chase you)

ootoo haleenn

1 n very poisonous brown snake (very aggressive, will jump and chase you)

ootoobugoom

1 n type of rope

ootoog

1 tame

ootoogool

1 n type of mumut

ootool

1 adj bitter pait

bitter tasting

ootooloo

1 bush bus

ootooloomung

1 n type of red marita

ootoom

1 strong (dry poop/uncooked food)

ootu ootu / laga lagas

1 n type of rope

ootugunee

1 Sky

oowug nim

1 n type of tree

ooyab hoot

1 NP kumul - female

ooyab peleg

1 n type of male bird of paradise kumul

osigim luminim

1 VP to gather accent variation bung

	Past	Present	Future
1s	osom	osigoom	osinim
2s	osoonn	osigonn	osininn
3s	osoot	osigee	osinn
1p	osoomung	osigoong	osug
2p	osoomuwa	osigima	osiwa
3p	osemind	osigoond	osis

Imperatives

2s: osi

2p: osas

Enclitics

1s	osisi
2s/3s	osuwa

1p	osusu
2p/3p	osuwasi
same actor	osob

osugunol

1 n jawbone

osumee

1 adj alone wanpis

otol

1 n bile pait

otu gulee

1 NP intestinal worm liklik snek bilong bel

otugulum

1 shiney crap fly

otunnu oogoom

1 i coughed, one or two times

p

pa

1 v comp to shoot and hit sutiim

Part of the compund pa enim, which means to shoot and hit the target

pa enim

1 VP to shoot sutim

pabaginn

1 n cicada binatang

pabasil

1 n beans bin

pabasil

1 Bean

pabasil henee

1 NP peanut pinat

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pagabigoom	pagabigoom	pagabiginim
2s	pagabigoonn	pagabigonn	pagabigininn
3s	pagabigoot	pagabigee	pagabiginn
1p	pagabigoomung	pagabigoong	pagabigug
2p	pagabigoomuwa	pagabigima	pagabigiwa
3p	pagabigemind	pagabigoond	pagabigis

Imperatives

2s: pagabigu

2p: pagabiguwas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	pagab

pagaginn

1 n cicada gras hopa

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pagatoom	pagatoogoom	pagatenim
2s	pagatoonn	pagatoogonn	pagateninn
3s	pagatoot	pagategee	pagatinn
1p	pagatoomung	pagatoong	pagatug
2p	pagatoomuwa	pagatagama	pagatuwa
3p	pagatemind	pagatoogoond	pagatis

Imperatives

2s: pagatee

2p: pagatas

Enclitics

1s	pagatesi
2s/3s	pagata

1p	pagatoosu
2p/3p	pagatasi
same actor	pagateb

pagil

1 fifth female child

pagum

1 n mother in law tambu mama

palem hot

1 NP adam’s apple

palem hot

1 Throat

	Past	Present	Future
1s	paliboom	palibigoom	palibinim
2s	paliboonn	palibigonn	palibininn
3s	paliboot	palibigee	palibinn
1p	paliboomung	paliboong	palibug
2p	paliboomuwa	palibigima	palibuwa
3p	palibemind	palibigoond	palibis

Imperatives

2s: palibi

2p: palibas

Enclitics

1s	palibisi
2s/3s	paliba

1p	palibisu
2p/3p	palibasi
same actor	palib

palug

1 n type of banana kain banana

1 unmarried girl

pamaboog

1 n butterfly/moth

pamabug

1 n butterfly bataflai

pamabug ugum

1 n moth

pandoo hoo

1 purpur / anklet

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pannabigoom	pannabigoom	pannabiginim
2s	pannabigoonn	pannabigonn	pannabigininn
3s	pannabigoot	pannabigee	pannabiginn
1p	pannabigoomung	pannabigoong	pannabigug
2p	pannabigoomuwa	pannabigima	pannabiguwa
3p	pannabigemind	pannabigoond	pannabigis

Imperatives

2s: pannabigu

2p: pannabiguwas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	pannabigeb pannab

panum

1 n kind of catapiller kain katapila

A black catapiller

papala

1 n type of banana kain banana

papel

1 n type of taro

pasahinann

1 n type of tree

pasil

1 n type of bamboo

2 n fire starting stick bet long tumbuna paia

a stick the ancestors shoved shavings into making a friction fire

pasum

1 n theif stliman

pat

1 n type of yam

pebasil

1 n sap or water found in a tree trunk

2 n bodily fluid found in pig testicle

pebenoog

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

pee

1 n hole hul

a naturally occuring hole

pee ilinim

1 NP to die dai

to die, but implies plural

peengut

1 n type of tree

peg

1 n clear

A clear area “hɑp pɛg”

ap peg: a field

2 adj shining lait i go

pegeenn

1 n daytime de

pegeloom

1 n type of anagul

pegeloom lusis

1 n type of anagul

pegeloom meminoot

1 n type of anagul

pegesim

1 n type of tree

pelebel

1 n purlin diwai long sapot long morota

peleg

1 adj not yet ripe, green drip, i no mau

mogog pɛlɛg: buai is green / not ripe

peleleb yanim

1 VP to break and fall down pundaun

pelig

1 n type of frog

pembee

1 n edge sap bilong samting

edge of a shape

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pendebigoom	pendebigoom	pendebiginim
2s	pendebigoonn	pendebigonn	pendebigininn
3s	pendebigoot	pendebigee	pendebiginn
1p	pendebigoomung	pendebigoong	pendebigug
2p	pendebigoomuwa	pendebigima	pendebiguwa
3p	pendebigemind	pendebigoond	pendebigis

Imperatives

2s: pendebigu

2p: pendebigas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	pendebigeb

pengilam

1 n type of tree

pengut

1 n type of plant needle nil

type of tree where the needle is used for tatooing

pennam

1 n bride price

teme pennam hogot wog oosoo: for the bride price giving pigs

pesehinann

1 n type of tree kain diwai

pet

1 n dawn

The time just before the rooster starts crowing

pi

1 n length between joints namel long buk

umi pi: middle of bamboo

2 n loop of rope hap rop

pib

1 n type of wild limbum

pib ene

1 NP spinning top kokonas sel

a spinning top toy made from a coconut shell

pibigitu pigonn

1 longside down

pibil yanim

1 VP to become bent bruk na pundaun

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pibuguloom	pibugugam	pibugenim
2s	pibuguloonn	pibugugonn	pibugeninn
3s	pibuguloot	pibuguga	pibugann
1p	pibuguloomung	pibugang	pibugoolug
2p	pibuguloomuwa	pibuguguma	pibuguluwa
3p	pibugulemind	pibugugand	pibugelis

Imperatives

2s: pibugulee

2p: pibugulas

Enclitics

1s	pibugesi
2s/3s	pibugula

1p	pibugoosu
2p/3p	pibugulasi
same actor	pibugub

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pigoom	pigoom	piginim
2s	pigoonn	pigonn	pigininn
3s	pigoot	pigee	piginn
1p	pigoomung	pigoong	pigug
2p	pigoomuwa	pigima	piguwa
3p	pigemind	pigoond	pigis

Imperatives

2s: pigu pi

2p: piguwas piyas

Enclitics

1s	pigisi
2s/3s	piguwa

1p	pigisu
2p/3p	piguwasi
same actor	pigeb pigoob

pilinn

1 n bladder

pilinn enee

1 1(piliŋ) musk/ musk gland 2 (piliŋ ɛne) lower stomach/groin (human)

piloolum

1 Kidney

pimbu

1 n rope to hang cooking pot rop long hangapim pot

pimbu

1 rope to hang cooking pot

pindoomb

1 n type of anagul

pinepin

1 n basket to dry things over fire basket bilong draim samting antap long paia

pingoot

1 dragonfly

pingot

1 n dragonfly binatang

pinimbininn

1 n fern species kain gras

pinn

1 n frog rokrok

pinn

1 n frog

pinn hoot

1 NP frog - male

pinn peleg

1 NP frog - female

pinnundulumoo

1 n type of tree

pinot

1 adj heavy hevi

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pipagabigoom	pipagabigoom	pipagabiginim
2s	pipagabigoonn	pipagabigonn	pipagabigininn
3s	pipagabigoot	pipagabigee	pipagabiginn
1p	pipagabigoomung	pipagabigoong	pipagabigug
2p	pipagabigoomuwa	pipagabigima	pipagabiguwa
3p	pipagabigemind	pipagabigoond	pipagabigis

Imperatives

2s: pipagabigu

2p: pipagabiguwas

pipinguli / tumunn noobug

1 n type of bird

pisipasil

1 n type of bird

pisoot

1 n type of anagul, wild, not edible

piyag

1 adj rotten sting

piyam

1 n ladder lata

	Past	Present	Future
1s	piyam	piyagam	piyanim
2s	piyann	piyogonn	piyaninn
3s	piyat	piyaga	piyann
1p	piyamung	piyang	piyoowug
2p	piyamuwa	piyagama	piyooguwa
3p	piyamind	piyagand	piyees

Imperatives

2s: piyoow

2p: piyooguwas

Enclitics

1s	piyasi
2s/3s	piya

1p	piyasu
2p/3p	piyooguwasi
same actor

piyoogeleg

1 n type of red marita

piyoogeleg wooya

1 n type of yellow marita

polonn

1 naked

pombonn

1 n warm clothes kol siot

pooha

1 n type of banana kain banana

pool

1 n wild yam, edible, hard on stomach

pooloog

1 n type of yellow marita

pooloogom

1 n ridge of Evesil pologom

poolooloogut

1 n type of tree

pooloonn

1 n ridge maunten i go antap isi isi

	Past	Present	Future
1s	poolulumum	poolulugum	pooluluminim
2s	poolulumunn	poolulugonn	poolulumininn
3s	poolulumut	poolulugee	pooluluminn
1p	poolulumumung	poolulumung	poolulumug
2p	poolulumumuwa	pooluluguma	poolulumuwa
3p	poolulumemind	poolulugund	poolulumis

Imperatives

2s: poolulumee

2p: poolulumas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	poolulub

poombilindoom

1 n type of bird

poomboonn

1 1 heat 2 hot place near the fire

poongoongool

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	poonoogulumum	poonoogulugum	poonooguluminim
2s	poonoogulumunn	poonoogulugonn	poonoogulumininn
3s	poonoogulumut	poonoogulugee	poonooguluminn
1p	poonoogulumumung	poonoogulumung	poonoogulumug
2p	poonoogulumumuwa	poonooguluguma	poonoogulumuwa
3p	poonoogulumemind	poonoogulugund	poonoogulumis

Imperatives

2s: poonoogulumee

2p: poonoogulumas

poosoobiyah

1 loose dirt/ ant hill

poosuwoom

1 n type of bird

	Past	Present	Future
1s	posogotom	posoogotogoom	posogotenim
2s	posogotoonn	posoogotogonn	posogotininn
3s	posogotoot	posoogotogee	posogotinn
1p	posogotoomung	posoogotogoong	posogotug
2p	posogotoomuwa	posoogotogama	posogotoowa
3p	posogotemind	posoogotogoond	posogotis

Imperatives

2s: posogotee

2p: posogotas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	posoogob

pu

1 n side sait

side of a shape

pu enim

1 VP to blow winim

pubunn

1 new, but hasn't happened before (relitive to the actor)

like when a new school year starts, or the first time you try a different food

pubunn

1 new, but hasn't happened before (relitive to the actor)

like when a new school year starts, or the first time you try a different food

pugeepugee

1 n any type of roots/base that attache itself to the side of trees

pugeepugee

1 green tree moss

pugum

1 n fork fok

2 n thorn nil

3 n nail nil

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pugumum	pugugum	puguminim
2s	pugumunn	pugugonn	pugumining
3s	pugumut	pugugee	puguminn
1p	uloomoomung	uloomoong	uloomug
2p	uloomoomuwa	ulooongama	uloowa
3p	uloomemind	uloogoond	uloomis

Imperatives

2s: pugumee

2p: uloomas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	pugub ulomb

pul

1 n type of bird

pulam

1 n body tissue

pulam

2 adj ripe

mogog pulam: buai is ripe / ready

pulis

1 n type of tree

pulug

1 n type of rope

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pululumum	pululugum	pululuminim
2s	pululumunn	pululugonn	pululumininn
3s	pululumut	pululugee	pululuminn
1p	pululumumung	pululumung	pululumug
2p	pululumumuwa	pululuguma	pululumuwa
3p	pululumemind	pululugund	pululumis

Imperatives

2s: pululumee

2p: pululumas

punda

1 n type of sugar cane

punda sigigoog

1 n type of sugar cane

	Past	Present	Future
1s	pundum	pundugum	pundinim
2s	pundunn	pundugonn	pundininn
3s	pundut	pundugee	pundinn
1p	pundumung	pundung	pundug
2p	pundumuwa	punduguma	punduwa
3p	pundumind	pundugund	pundis

Imperatives

2s: pundee

2p: pundas

pusilay

1 n Pusilai village

pusilim

1 n stone ston

2 n type of aibika

pusilim munum

1 n money

	Past	Present	Future
1s	putugulom	putugugam	putugenim
2s	putuguloonn	putugugonn	putugeninn
3s	putuguloot	putuguga	putugann
1p	putuguloomung	putugang	putugoolug
2p	putuguloomuwa	putugugama	putuguwa
3p	putugulemind	putugugand	putugelis

Imperatives

2s: putugulee

2p: putugulas

putul

1 n rope used to tie roofing to purlins rop long pasim morota long haus

s

sa

1 n a cut piece of something hap i kat pinis

nim sa: piece of wood

sa

1 n a peice hap

peice of something

sabalam

1 n type of yam kain yam

sabu

1 n type of banana kain banana

	Past	Present	Future
1s	sabugutum	sabugutugoom	sabugutinim
2s	sabugutoonn	sabugutugonn	sabugutininn
3s	sabugutut	sabugutugee	sabugutinn
1p	sabugutoomung	sabugutugung	sabugutug
2p	sabugutoomuwa	sabugutuguma	sabugutuwa
3p	sabugutemind	sabugutugund	sabugutis

Imperatives

2s: sabugutee

2p: sabugutas

sagal

1 n type of banana kain banana

sagaloomand

1 n type of bird

sagu his

1 n last las

salab

1 n tapioca tapiok

salagag

1 naked

salaha enim

1 VP to chip pieces off sapim

salamata

1 n type of tree kain diwai

type of tree used for making slingshots

	Past	Present	Future
1s			salaminim
2s
3s
1p
2p
3p

Imperatives

2s:

2p:

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	salamb

	Past	Present	Future
1s	salannatoom	salannatoogoom	salannatenim
2s	salannatoonn	salannatoogonn	salannateninn
3s	salannatoot	salannateegee	salannatinn
1p	salannatoomung	salannatoong	salannatug
2p	salannatoomuwa	salannatagama	salannatuwa
3p	salannatemind	salannatoogoond	salannatis

Imperatives

2s: salannate

2p: salannatas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	salannateb

salap

1 Tapiok

	Past	Present	Future
1s	saliboom	salibigoom	salibinim
2s	saliboonn	salibigonn	salibininn
3s	saliboot	salibigee	salibinn
1p	saliboomung	saliboong	salibug
2p	saliboomuwa	salibigima	salibuwa
3p	salibemind	salibigoond	salibis

Imperatives

2s: salibee

2p: salibas

Enclitics

1s	salibisi
2s/3s	saliba

1p	salibisu
2p/3p	salibasi
same actor	salib

saloomoot

1 v chipped liklik bagarap

a small chip in the blade of a knife

salub ebenim

1 VP to divide up brukim

Breaking up money into smaller denominations. Uses the verb for shaving/chipping

	Past	Present	Future
1s	salumum	salugum	saluminim
2s	salumunn	salugonn	salumininn
3s	salumut	salugee	saluminn
1p	salumoomung	salumung	salumug
2p	salumoomuwa	saluguma	salumuwa
3p	salumemind	salugund	salumis

Imperatives

2s: salumee

2p: salumas

Enclitics

1s	salumisi
2s/3s	saluma

1p	salumusu
2p/3p	salumasi
same actor	salub

sambambal

1 firewood bed above the fire place

sambugol

1 Hornbill

sambuwi yagam

1 n type of yam

samenn

1 n type of soβolom

sanahe

1 n type of yam

sandil

1 n shelter haus win

A shelter consisting of a roof, but no sides

sandumbee

1 n type of bird

sangoom

1 corn

sann

1 n type of rope

	Past	Present	Future
1s	sannatom	sannatigoom	sannatenim
2s	sannatoonn	sannatigonn	sannatininn
3s	sannatoot	sannatigee	sannatinn
1p	sannatoomung	sannatoong	sannatug
2p	sannatoomuwa	sannatagama	sannatuwa
3p	sannatemind	sannatagoond	sannatis

Imperatives

2s: sannatee

2p: sannatas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	sannatoob

sannool

1 n noise singaut

sasa

1 n type of frog

sasil

1 little fibers like hairs on roots or old buai skin

sasu

1 n type of bird

sasugul

1 n type of umbi, wild, not edible

	Past	Present	Future
1s	satoom	satoogoom	satenim
2s	satoonn	satoogonn	sateninn
3s	satoot	sateegee	satinn
1p	satoomung	satoong	satug
2p	satoomuwa	satagama	satuwa
3p	satemind	satoogoond	satis

Imperatives

2s: satee

2p: satas

sebe

1 n bench bet

A raised bench or shelf for putting things or sitting

sebe sebe

1 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	sebigoom	sebigoom	sebiginim
2s	sebigoonn	sebigonn	sebigininn
3s	sebigoot	sebigee	sebiginn
1p	sebigoomung	sebigoong	sebigug
2p	sebigoomuwa	sebigima	sebiguwa
3p	sebigemind	sebigoond	sebigis

Imperatives

2s: sebigu

2p: sebigas

Enclitics

1s	sebigisi
2s/3s	sebiguwa

1p	sebigisu
2p/3p	sebiguwasi
same actor	sebigeb

sebinag

1 broom

see

1 n now nau

seebee

1 Bed/table/bench

seegeegee

1 spider

seegeegee papel

1 n spiderweb

seegeegee seegeegee

1 n type of tree

seeleenann

1 n type of snake

	Past	Present	Future
1s	seemoom	seengoom	seeminim
2s	seemoonn	seengonn	seemininn
3s	seemoot	seengee	seeminn
1p	seemoomung	seemoong	seemug
2p	seemoomuwa	seengama	seemuwa
3p	seememind	seengoond	seemis

Imperatives

2s: seemee

2p: seemas

seengeebi

1 n type of bird

seesee agam

1 hot from work, fire, or the sun

seesee pannalugo

1 n hyve for single bee

few rooms on stick where bee puts eggs

seesee sog

1 pot cleaning leaf

seeseelann

1 n type of anagul

seeyool

1 n type of bean, not native

segegee

1 n spider spida

sel

1 n branch han bilong diwai

seleb

1 n necklace bilas

seleenn

1 adj difficult hat

selegine

1 n type of rope

selib

1 Urine

seligee

1 Ginger

semelaneg

1 n hamlet of Evesil

	Past	Present	Future
1s	semetoom	semetoogoom	semetenim
2s	semetoonn	semetoogonn	semeteninn
3s	semetoot	semetegee	semetinn
1p	semetoomung	semetoong	semetug
2p	semetoomuwa	semetagama	semetuwa
3p	semetemind	semetoogoond	semetis

Imperatives

2s: semete

2p: semetas

semi

1 n type of tree

2 n type of mushroom

senembig

1 n top layer samting i sindaun antap long narapela samting

a stick lying on top of another stick

seniyom

1 n upright stick stik i sanap

a finger to forearm sized stick placed to stand upright in the ground as part of a construction

sepil

1 n a type of weed gras nogut

sese

1 n kind leaf kain lip

Women use this for cleaning pots, also used in making wooden drums

sesee

1 rope handle, leash

sesilann

1 n type of taro

sesimee

1 last laspela

setli

1 n type of tree kain diwai

A tree that was brought up from the nambis a generation ago, there's one by Sibil's house. It's planted in vanilla gardens for the vine to grow up

shet

1 n skirt klos

likley a Tok Pisin import

sib

1 n rain ren

sib elil

1 water which runs off the roof

sib hegil

1 sprinking rain

sib honn

1 wet season

sib munum

1 NP raindrop

sibeesibee

1 n type of tree kain diwai

kind of tree used in making kundu drum

sibel

1 n type of bean

sibelig

1 n machete bus naip

sibesibe

1 n a kind of drum kain kundu

	Past	Present	Future
1s	sibigatoom	sibigatoogoom	sibigatenim
2s	sibigatoonn	sibigatoogonn	sibigateninn
3s	sibigatoot	sibigategee	sibigatinn
1p	sibigatoomung	sibigatoong	sibigatug
2p	sibigatoomuwa	sibigatagama	sibigatuwa
3p	sibigatemind	sibigatoogoond	sibigatis

Imperatives

2s: sibigatee

2p: sibigatas

sibinag

1 n broom brum

sigasig

1 n to come for a quick visit kam na go gen

to come to a place with the intention of returning the same day

sigesig

1 n land slide graun bruk

sigig

1 color/mark

sigigog

1 adj patterned i gat makmak

sigoolum

1 n green leafy plant kumu

a plant whose leaves are used in the building of fire places

sigu

1 n type of pitpit

silasil

1 n type of tree

silee

1 n leech

sili

1 n type of rope kain rop

a reed that is used for grating things

2 n grater samting bilong sigarap

sili

1 a reed with thorns, good for making rope

sili hoot

1 part of the "sili" reed used to grate kongkong

sili hot

1 NP reed kanda

A reed used to grate root vegetables

silibeg

1 n type of yam

silibul

1 n type of tree

siligilim

1 n wild buai

siliginee

1 n sweat wara bilong skin

	Past	Present	Future
1s	siligitoom	siligitigoom	siligitinim
2s	siligitoonn	siligitigonn	siligitininn
3s	siligitoot	siligitigee	siligitinn
1p	siligitoomung	siligitoong	siligitug
2p	siligitoomuwa	siligitigima	siligituwa
3p	siligitemind	siligitigoond	siligitis

Imperatives

2s: siligite

2p: siligitas

Enclitics

1s
2s/3s

1p
2p/3p
same actor	siligiteb

silip

1 n urine pispis

silisili aga

1 loose

siloogum

1 n scar mak

silugum

1 1 kru/new rolled up leaf (banana, taro, buai) 2 scar

simbann

1 n type of sweet banana kain banana

simbann ooloogoom

1 n type of banana kain banana

simbinal

1 n type of tree

simbinandi

1 n type of bird

simbinn

1 n type of rope

simbool

1 n type of yam

simbu

1 n type of taro

simob

1 n sago saksak

simonn

1 n rope rop

All kinds of rope and cordage, including electrical wires

simonn gene

1 n type of banana kain banana

simonn lagas

1 NP daka from a vine

simoogu hoot

1 NP forehead

simop

1 Saksak

sinasina

1 n type of banana kain banana

sindee

1 n inside insait

hap sindee: inside the house

sindeemunn

1 n bat

sindi

1 n swing sisaw

sindi yagayam

1 VP to see saw they are swinging

sindimunn

1 n small fruit bat

2 n type of banana kain banana

sindimunn metepila

1 NP type of bat (little)

sindimunn peengu soog

1 NP type of bat (big)

	Past	Present	Future
1s	sindoom	sindigoom	sindinim
2s	sindoonn	sindigonn	sindininn
3s	sindoot	sindigee	sindinn
1p	sindoomung	sindoong	sindug
2p	sindoomuwa	sindigima	sinduwa
3p	sindemind	sindigoond	sindis

Imperatives

2s: sindee

2p: sindas

Enclitics

1s	sindisi
2s/3s	sinda

1p	sindisu
2p/3p	sindasi
same actor	sindeb

sindinn

1 n sparks paia

2 n itty bitty bits

sinesine

1 n long basket for fishing basket bilong kisim pis

singelinn

1 n long time long taim

singilinn

1 long lasting i no bagarap hariap

singoongiyoo

1 n type of bird

singu

1 just tasol

tol ab singu iligom

singulumab

1 n type of buai

sinimb

1 n type of sweet potato

sinnasim

1 n rat rat

sinnisinn eegoo

1 n type of bird

sinnol

1 n meat abus

sinnoob

1 n type of tree

sinnool es

1 n type of aibika

sinnoom

1 n type of cricket kain binatang

2 n type of pitpit

sisi ene

1 n cockroach

sisib

1 n type of tree kain diwa

tree used to make wooden drums

sisibel

1 n type of yam

sisiguwoo

1 n type of rat

sisil heem

1 n type of rat

sisileem

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

sisim

1 n belly button

sisiwam

1 n type of banana

sisiyam

1 n type of banana kain banana

sisu

1 adj wrong kranki

sisug

1 n hide haus bilong hait

a grass hide for shooting birds from

2 n leaf siding blain long lip

A siding for a house made of leaves

sisum

1 n centipede liklik snek

sisum onom

1 n scorpion

sneeh beean

1 n type of bean, not native

so hoot

1 NP Wilson's bird of paradise - female

so peleg

1 NP Wilson's bird of paradise - male

sobot

1 adj wet wet

soβot agam: became wet

sog

1 n leaf lip

sogot

1 mature---bird with adult feathers, leaves which have turned woody, pig with all teeth

sogu tugub

1 afterwards biahin

chronological linking word

solohoo enim

1 VP to jump kalap

	Past	Present	Future
1s	somolumom	somolugum	somolumenim
2s	somolumoonn	somolugonn	somolumininn
3s	somolumut	somolugeeee	somoluminn
1p	somolumoomung	somolumoong	somolumug
2p	somolumoomuwa	somoluguma	somolumuwa
3p	somolumemind	somolugund	somolumis

Imperatives

2s: somolumee

2p: somolumas

songom

1 n corn korn

songongulom

1 n kind of rope rop bilong pasim abus

a bush rope that is used to tie up hunted animals or insects

sonnoobiya henee

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

sono hot

1 NP hip skru bilong lek

soo

1 n type of sweet potato

soobooloom

1 n type of yam with climbing vine

soobu

1 n type of banana

soobulem

1 n type of sweet potato

soobuli

1 n type of sweet potato

soogoogoo

1 n type of wild limbum

soogooloom

1 n type of yam kain jam

2 n type of tree

	Past	Present	Future
1s	soogootoom	soogootoogoom	soogootenim
2s	soogootoonn	soogootoogonn	soogooteninn
3s	soogootoot	soogootegee	soogootinn
1p	soogootoomung	soogootoong	soogootug
2p	soogootoomuwa	soogootagama	soogootuwa
3p	soogootemind	soogootoogoond	soogootis

Imperatives

2s: soogoote

2p: soogootas

soogu

1 n younger brother liklik brata

soogul

1 adj enough inap

sooguwa

1 New

soohoomb

1 n type of yam

sooloomoosool

1 n type of sugar cane

sooloond

1 n type of soβolom

soomboogool

1 n kokomo

2 n type of aibika

soondoo

1 n type of bird

soongoome

1 n type of yam

soongoongooloom

1 stringed flowers (for decoration) or incects (for eating)

soongoongooneeng

1 n type of bamboo

soonnoo

1 n bottle cap lid bilong containa

soonnoobiya

1 n type of rat kain rat

specific name for a type of rat

soonnoobiya nasim

1 n type of tree kapul

	Past	Present	Future
1s	soosoogoom	soosoogogoom	soosoogenim
2s	soosoogoonn	soosoogogoonn	soosoogininn
3s	soosoogoot	soosoogogee	soosooginn
1p	soosoomoomung	soosoogogoong	soosoogug
2p	soosoomoomuwa	soosoogogama	soosooguwa
3p	soosemind	soosoogogoond	soosoogis

Imperatives

2s: soosoogu

2p: soosooguwas

Enclitics

1s	soosoogisu
2s/3s	soosooguwa

1p	soosoogisi
2p/3p	soosooguwasi
same actor	soosoogob

soosoogoogwa

1 String bag, the sort made to carry roots from the garden

sop hot

1 NP female bird of paradise meri kumul

sop peleg

1 NP type of male bird of paradise kumul

Wilson’s bird of paradise

su

1 n today

suguleboo

1 n type of banana kain banana

sul

1 n type of tree kain diwai

the type of bark used to line a ground house’s wall, also a firestarter

sulugann

1 n type of tree

sunnu

1 n type of bird

	Past	Present	Future
1s	susoomom	susongoom	susominim
2s	susoomoonn	susongonn	susomininn
3s	susoomoot	susongee	susominn
1p	susoomoomung	susoomoong	susomug
2p	susoomoomuwa	susongama	susomuwa
3p	susoomemind	susongoond	susomis

Imperatives

2s: susoomee

2p: susoomas

Enclitics

1s	susoomisi
2s/3s	susooma

1p	susoomusu
2p/3p	susoowasi
same actor	susomb

susugubee

1 n type of green grasshopper

susugul

1 n type of sugar cane

2 n type of bird

t

ta

1 adj short sotpela

short version of tandeŋg

tabalis

1 n type of tree

tabil

1 n bowl plet

tabulee

1 n type of frog

tagamalum

1 n type of tree

tagamalum oomool

1 NP kneecap

tagul

1 n palm tree limbum

tagum beleg

1 NP chest bros

talab ene

1 n type of taro

talabag

1 n thunder klaut pairap

talabag

1 Thunder

tamalis ooguwab

1 NP kambang from a kina shell

tambanam

1 n type of tree

tandeng

1 adj short sotpela

tangangi

1 n rafter diwai long sapot long rup

tangu

1 n type of aibika

tapeltapel

1 n type of rope kain rop

type of strong rope used in tying a garden fence (matat source)

tas

1 n taro

tata

1 adj little liklik

mehamonn tata: small jobs done in dry season

tatabinn

1 n type of tree

tataga hoot

1 NP Wilson's bird of paradise - female

tatagum

1 n grandfather tumbuna papa

Kovol Lexicon

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a

ab

ab andu

ab bugomo

ab es

ab humann

ab salagag

ab toondee agabi ooloo

aba hoosoot

aba oogoo

abagam

abagam bili igu

abagam pinoot

abaganam imi

abaginn

abalam

abalil

abandum hoot

abandum peleg

abaneel

abaninnam

abas

abatol

abatool

abatool

abig

abigeeb

aboogam mootool

abooloom

abooloom

abu mandoh

abulusi

agabi

agabisig

agaganam

agal

agaloogaloo

aganamung

agangool

aganim warm myself

aganim

agann

agaraminim to mimic

agaraminim

agatenim to support (with a stick)

agatenim

ahel

ala

ala tugenim

alaga

alaga munum

alagab yanim

alahal

alalab ugus

alatugenim to get ready

alatugenim

aleeg woog

aleg

aleg bogooloo

alem

alilibee

aliminim to swell

aliminim

alimum

alingee

alugut e tegeneeng

alugutinim uproot (pl)

alugutinim

aluwenim twist in pain

aluwenim

amag

amalannam

amangut

ambelilo

ambu hutum

ambugutum

ambul